摘要：
生物节律是生物体为适应自然界环境的昼夜周期变化而形成的内在调控机制，调节哺乳动物的病理生理过程、疾病发生发展及对治疗的反应性。生物节律可显著影响缺血性中风的易感性、损伤、恢复和对治疗的反应机制。越来越多的证据表明，生物节律不仅对缺血性中风事件的重要生理因素，如血压、凝血-纤溶系统具有调控作用，同时还参与缺血损伤后由胶质细胞、外周免疫细胞介导的免疫炎症反应，以及对神经血管单元（neurovascular unit, NVU）的调节作用。该研究旨在将生物节律生物学中的分子、细胞和生理途径与缺血性中风的临床后果联系起来，阐述生物节律对缺血性中风发病的影响，对神经血管单元的调控，对免疫炎症反应的调节，并综述中药干预生物节律的研究进展，为后续生物节律的中医药研究和分子机制研究提供合理的、有价值的参考依据。
作者机构：
[林旭鑫] Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha Hunan, 410208, P. R. China;[尚利杰; 沈素红; 林旭鑫; 王庆丰; 付晓燕; 赵刚] First Department of Minimally Invasive Spine, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang Henan, 471000, P. R. China
摘要：
目的：探究益肾通癃汤对前列腺癌（PCa）皮下种植瘤模型裸鼠N-钙黏蛋白（N-cadherin）、波形蛋白（Vimentin）表达的影响。方法：用前列腺癌PC-3细胞悬液建立PCa皮下种植瘤模型裸鼠，造模成功后将其随机分为模型组、益肾通癃汤低剂量组、益肾通癃汤中剂量组、益肾通癃汤高剂量组，每组10只。各给药组灌胃给予相应药物，模型组灌胃给予等体积生理盐水，2次/d，连续3周。给药结束后，观察裸鼠一般状态，测量体质量及瘤体大小，称重并计算抑瘤率；运用HE染色观察各组裸鼠种植瘤病理学改变；ELISA法检测各组裸鼠血清中N-cadherin、Vimentin的水平；Western blotting检测各组裸鼠种植瘤组织中N-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白表达情况；PCR检测各组裸鼠种植瘤组织中N-cadherin m RNA、Vimentin m RNA表达情况。结果：与模型组比较，益肾通癃汤低、中、高剂量组裸鼠状态均可，瘤体质量，血清中N-cadherin、Vimentin水平，种植瘤组织中N-cadherin、Vimentin的蛋白及m RNA相对表达量均降低（P<0.05），瘤体细胞少量坏死；与益肾通癃汤低剂量组比较，益肾通癃汤中、高剂量组裸鼠一般状态可，瘤体质量，血清中N-cadherin、Vimentin水平、种植瘤组织中N-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白及m RNA相对表达量均降低（P<0.05），瘤体细胞部分坏死；与益肾通癃汤中剂量组比较，益肾通癃汤高剂量组裸鼠一般状态良好，瘤体质量，血清中N-cadherin水平，种植瘤组织中N-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白相对表达量，种植瘤组织中Vimentin m RNA相对表达量均降低（P<0.05），瘤体细胞坏死多；益肾通癃汤高剂量组裸鼠血清中Vimentin水平、种植瘤组织中N-cadherin m RNA相对表达量与益肾通癃汤中剂量组比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；益肾通癃汤低、中、高剂量组裸鼠抑瘤率分别为26.67%、42.45%、66.26%。结论：益肾通癃汤对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞皮下种植瘤模型裸鼠N-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白的表达具有一定的抑制作用，其机制可能与抑制肿瘤上皮间质转化（EMT）过程相关。
期刊：
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,2023年78(1):141-149 ISSN：0305-7453
通讯作者：
Xin Li
作者机构：
[Tian, Miaomei; Tong, Huan; Guo, Siwei; Xu, Bing; Li, You; Li, Xin; Yan, Bingqian] Third Hosp Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tong, Huan; Guo, Siwei; Xu, Bing; Li, Xin] Inst Clin Applicat Antibiot, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tian, Miaomei; Li, You; Yan, Bingqian] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Grad Sch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wei, Minji] Peking Univ, Hosp 1, Inst Clin Pharmacol, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Shao, Jing] Nanjing Yoko Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xin Li] T;The Third Hospital of Changsha , Changsha, Hunan , China<&wdkj&>Institute of Clinical Application of Antibiotics , Changsha, Hunan , China
摘要：
OBJECTIVES: Sitafloxacin is one of the newer generation fluoroquinolones with highly active against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Our objectives were to identify the sitafloxacin pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) index and breakpoints against MDR isolate in the urinary tract infection model. METHODS: Forty-eight MDR isolates underwent sitafloxacin and levofloxacin microdilution susceptibility testing. A 24 h in vitro model was established that simulated the healthy subjects urodynamics of sitafloxacin fumarate injection. Ten MDR isolates (four carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli, three carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and three vancomycin-resistant E. faecium) were selected. The drug efficacy was quantified by the change in log colony counts within 24 h. A sigmoid Emax model was fitted to the killing effect data. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to assess target attainment for the sitafloxacin fumarate doses of 100 and 200 mg q24h. RESULTS: Analysis indicated that the MICs of sitafloxacin were all significantly lower than that of levofloxacin (P < 0.01). The UAUC0-24h/MIC targets required to achieve stasis, 1-log10 killing and 2-log10 killing were 63.60, 79.49 and 99.45 (carbapenem-resistant E. coli), 60.85, 90.31 and 128.95 (carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa), 65.91, 77.81 and 103.11 (vancomycin-resistant E. faecium). Monte Carlo simulation showed the infusion of sitafloxacin fumarate 100 mg q24h was able to achieve 90% probability of target attainment against bacteria with MIC of 8 mg/L for the common complicated urinary tract infections. CONCLUSIONS: Sitafloxacin fumarate injection is an alternative therapeutic agent for the treatment of UTIs caused by MDR isolates.
作者机构：
[Xiao, Yanni] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Integrated Tradit Chinese & Western Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Yanni; Tang, Chuwen; Luo, Zhihong; Xiao, Pengfei; Zeng, Xianxiang] Brain Hosp Hunan Prov, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Yu] Yale Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Prevent & Community Res, New Haven, CT USA.;[Tang, Chuwen; Zhou, Ziqi] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Grad Sch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Ziqi] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Hosp 1, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shen, MX ; Luo, ZH; Zeng, XX] C;Cent South Univ, Xiangya Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social Med & Hlth Management, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Furong Lab, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Mental disorder;Schizophrenia;Hospitalization;Spending;Length of hospital stay
摘要：
Objectives: To describe hospital spending and length of stay for mental disorders in Hunan, China.Methods: We extracted hospital care data for Hunan province from the Chinese National Health Statistics Network Reporting System. Patients with mental disorders (ICD-10 codes: F00 to F99) as the principal diagnosis and hospitalized between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019 were included. We retrieved information on age, sex, number of comorbidities, diagnosis, level of hospital, hospital costs, date of admission and discharge, length of stay (LOS), and method of payment of eligible participants. Spending at the provincial level, and spending and LOS at the individual level were described. Quantile regression and linear regression were conducted to investigate factors for hospital cost and LOS for major mental disorders.Results: The 2019 annual spending on mental disorders in Hunan province was 160 million US dollars, and 71.7% was paid by insurance. The annual spending on schizophrenia was 84 million dollars, contributing to a primary burden of mental disorders. The median spending for mental disorders was $1,085 per patient, and the median hospital stay was 22 days. The study identified several significant factors associated with hospital cost and LOS, including age, sex, comorbidity, and level of the hospital. In particular, a higher level of the hospital was associated with a higher hospital spending but a shorter LOS. Women with schizophrenia had a comparable hospital spending but a significantly shorter LOS than men with schizophrenia.Conclusion: Hospitalization spending for patients with mental disorders is substantial. Schizo- phrenia is the major burden of hospitalization for mental disorders. While patients treated at a higher level of hospital had higher spending, they stayed shorter in these hospitals.
