Objective To investigate the effects of Buyang Huanwu decoction (补阳还五汤) on transplantation of neural stem ceils (NSCs) into brain for treatment of focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods Hippocampus NSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro, then labeled with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU). The model of brain ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: model group, sham transplantation group, simple transplantation group and transplantation with traditional Chinese med...