期刊：
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English),2011年50(8):1896-1900 ISSN：1433-7851
通讯作者：
Zhang, C.-P.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Cheng-Pan ; Chen, Qing-Yun ; Xiao, Ji-Chang ] Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China;[ Wang, Zong-Ling ; Zhang, Chun-Tao ] Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410208, China;[ Gu, Yu-Cheng ] Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
通讯机构：
[Xiao, JC] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Organ Chem, Key Lab Organofluorine Chem, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Heteroaromatic compounds - heterocycles - N ,N-Dimethylformamide - Single electron transfer - Sulfonium salts - Triflates - Trifluoromethyl - Trifluoromethylation
期刊：
Chemical communications (Cambridge, England),2011年47(23):6632-6634 ISSN：1359-7345
通讯作者：
Xiao, JC
作者机构：
[Zhang, Cheng-Pan; Wang, Zong-Ling; Chen, Qing-Yun; Xiao, Ji-Chang] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Organ Chem, Key Lab Organofluorine Chem, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Zong-Ling; Zhang, Chun-Tao] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gu, Yu-Cheng] Syngenta, Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell RG42 6EY, Berks, England.
通讯机构：
[Xiao, JC] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Organ Chem, Key Lab Organofluorine Chem, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The CF(3) radical was generated from the reaction of S-(trifluoromethyl)diphenylsulfonium triflate with Na(2)S(2)O(4) or HOCH(2)SO(2)Na under suitable conditions without further reduction. Based on this, a method for the synthesis of alpha-trifluoromethylated ketones has been successfully developed.
期刊：
Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.),2010年16(9-10):438-449 ISSN：1076-1551
通讯作者：
Tang, CK
作者机构：
[Yin, Kai; Tang, Chao-ke] Univ S China, Inst Cardiovasc Res, Life Sci Res Ctr, Key Lab Atherosclerol Hunan Prov, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Duan-fang] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Dept Tradit Chinese Diagnost, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tang, CK] Univ S China, Inst Cardiovasc Res, Life Sci Res Ctr, Key Lab Atherosclerol Hunan Prov, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic inflammatory condition that involves numerous cellular and molecular inflammatory components. A wide array of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and proteins produced by macrophages and other cells, play a critical role in the development and progression of the disease ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is crucial for cellular cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and is also identified as an important target in antiatherosclerosis treatment Evidence from several recent studies indicates that inflammation, along with other atherogenic-related mediators, plays distinct regulating roles in ABCA1 expression Proatherogenic cytokines such as interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-1 beta have been shown to inhibit the expression of ABCA1, while antiatherogenic cytokines, including IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1, have been shown to promote the expression of ABCA1 Moreover, some cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha seem to regulate ABCA1 expression in species-specific and dose-dependent manners Inflammatory proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 are likely to inhibit ABCA1 expression during inflammation, and inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was also found to block the expression of ABCA1 Interestingly, recent experiments revealed ABCA1 can function as an antiinflammatory receptor to suppress the expression of inflammatory factors, suggesting that ABCA1 may be the molecular basis for the interaction between inflammation and ROT. This review aims to summarize recent findings on the role of inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory proteins, inflammatory lipids, and the endotoxin-mediated inflammatory process in expression of ABCA1. Also covered is the current understanding of the function of ABCA1 in modulating the immune response and inflammation through its direct and indirect antiinflammatory mechanisms including lipid transport, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) formation and apoptosis. (C) 2010 The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, www.feinsteininstitute.org
摘要：
P>1. Adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia are important processes in the development of obesity. To understand obesity and its associated diseases, it is important to elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing adipogenesis. MicroRNA-375 has been shown to inhibit differentiation of neurites, and participate in the regulation of insulin secretion and blood homeostasis. However, it is unknown whether miR-375 plays a role in adipocyte differentiation. 2. To investigate the role of miR-375 in adipocyte differentiation, we compared the miR-375 expression level between 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipocytes using miRNA microarray and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of overexpression or inhibition of miR-375 on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. 3. In the present study, we found that miR-375 expression was increased after induction of adipogenic differentiation. Overexpression of miR-375 enhanced 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation, as evidenced by its ability to increase mRNA levels of both CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha (C/EBP alpha) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma 2), and induction of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (aP2) and triglyceride (TG) accumulation. Furthermore, we found overexpression of miR-375 suppressed phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). In contrast, anti-miR-375 increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels and inhibited mRNA expression of C/EBP alpha, PPAR gamma 2 and aP2 in 3T3-L1 adipocyte, accompanied by decreased adipocyte differentiation. 4. Taken together, these data suggest that miR-375 promotes 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation, possibly through modulating the ERK-PPAR gamma 2-aP2 pathway.
摘要：
Apelin is the endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor, APJ. Vascular smooth muscle cells express both apelin and APJ, which are important regulatory factors in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Importantly, APJ is also involved in the pathogenesis if HIV-1 infection. We investigated whether vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation was regulated through an apelin-pERK1/2-cyclin D1 signal transduction pathway. Apelin-13 significantly stimulated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and increased cell cycle progression. Apelin-13 a decreased the proportion of cell in the G0/G1 phase while increasing the number of cells in S phase. Apelin-13 also increased the levels of cyclin D1, cyclin E and pERK1/2. Treatment of cells with the MEK inhibitor PD98059 attenuated the apelin-3-induced pERK1/2 activation. Similarly, treatment with PD98059 partially diminished the apelin-13-induced expression of cyclin D1 and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Taken together, these data established that apelin-13 stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by promoting the G1-S phase transition, and that this effect is mediated in part by an apelin-pERK1/2-cyclin D1 signal cascade.
期刊：
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne,2012年184(4):401-410 ISSN：0820-3946
通讯作者：
Liang, FR
作者机构：
[Huang, Wen-jing; Liang, Fan-rong; Zheng, Hui; Li, Ying; Zhao, Ling; Yu, Shu-guang] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Wen-jing; Roll, Stephanie; Witt, Claudia M.] Charite Univ Med Ctr, Inst Social Med, Berlin, Germany.;[Yan, Jie; Chang, Xiao-rong; Lan, Lei] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Guo-jie; Zou, Ran; Zhang, Hong-xing] Hubei Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Witt, Claudia M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Integrat Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
通讯机构：
[Liang, FR] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Acupuncture is commonly used to treat migraine. We assessed the efficacy of acupuncture at migraine-specific acupuncture points compared with other acupuncture points and sham acupuncture. METHODS: We performed a multicentre, single-blind randomized controlled trial. In total, 480 patients with migraine were randomly assigned to one of four groups (Shaoyang-specific acupuncture, Shaoyang-nonspecific acupuncture, Yangming-specific acupuncture or sham acupuncture [control]). All groups received 20 treatments, which included electrical stimulation, over a period of four weeks. The primary outcome was the number of days with a migraine experienced during weeks 5-8 after randomization. Our secondary outcomes included the frequency of migraine attack, migraine intensity and migraine-specific quality of life. RESULTS: Compared with patients in the control group, patients in the acupuncture groups reported fewer days with a migraine during weeks 5-8, however the differences between treatments were not significant (p > 0.05). There was a significant reduction in the number of days with a migraine during weeks 13-16 in all acupuncture groups compared with control (Shaoyang-specific acupuncture v. control: difference -1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) -1.77 to -0.5], p = 0.003; Shaoyang-nonspecific acupuncture v. control: difference -1.22 [95% CI -1.92 to -0.52], p < 0.001; Yangming-specific acupuncture v. control: difference -0.91 [95% CI -1.61 to -0.21], p = 0.011). We found that there was a significant, but not clinically relevant, benefit for almost all secondary outcomes in the three acupuncture groups compared with the control group. We found no relevant differences between the three acupuncture groups. INTERPRETATION: Acupuncture tested appeared to have a clinically minor effect on migraine prophylaxis compared with sham acupuncture. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00599586.
关键词：
Adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2);Aspartate-glutamate carrier (AGC);Citrin;Malate-aspartate shuttle;Neonatal intrahepatic cholestatic hepatitis (NICCD);Retrotransposal insertion;SLC25A13
摘要：
Deficiency of citrin, liver-type mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carrier, is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the SLC25A13 gene on chromosome 7q21.3 and has two phenotypes: neonatal intrahepatic cholestatic hepatitis (NICCD) and adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2). So far, we have described 19 SLC25A13 mutations. Here, we report 13 novel SLC25A13 mutations (one insertion, two deletion, three splice site, two nonsense, and five missense) in patients with citrin deficiency from Japan, Israel, UK, and Czech Republic. Only R360X was detected in both Japanese and Caucasian. IVS16ins3kb identified in a Japanese CTLN2 family seems to be a retrotransposal insertion, as the inserted sequence (2,667-nt) showed an antisense strand of processed complementary DNA (cDNA) from a gene on chromosome 6 (C6orf68), and the repetitive sequence (17-nt) derived from SLC25A13 was found at both ends of the insert. All together, 30 different mutations found in 334 Japanese, 47 Chinese, 11 Korean, four Vietnamese and seven non-East Asian families have been summarized. In Japan, IVS16ins3kb was relatively frequent in 22 families, in addition to known mutations IVS11 + 1G > A, 851del4, IVS13 + 1G > A, and S225X in 189, 173, 48 and 30 families, respectively; 851del4 and IVS16ins3kb were found in all East Asian patients tested, suggesting that these mutations may have occurred very early in some area of East Asia.
期刊：
The Journal of chemical physics,2011年134(8):084103 ISSN：0021-9606
通讯作者：
Liu, S.(shubin@email.unc.edu)
作者机构：
[Huang, Ying ] School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China;[ Liu, Shubin ] Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3420, United States;[ Yang, Qinsong ] PT TSG Chemical, Jl. Inspeksi Kalimalang, Sukadanau, Cikarang Barat, Lokasi G II, Sektor 3, Bekasi 17520, Indonesia;[ Zhong, Ai-Guo ] Department of Chemistry, Taizhou College, Linhai Zhejiang 317000, China
通讯机构：
[Liu, SB] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Res Comp, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
关键词：
A-density - Anomeric effect - Axial orientations - Conformational space - Cyclohexane ring - D-glucopyranose - Density functionals - Electrostatic interactions - Energy components - Energy differences - Equatorial positions - Exchange-correlations - Heteroatoms - Hyperconjugation effects - Steric hindrances - Strong correlation - Total energy differences - Two-component
摘要：
The anomeric effect (the tendency of heteroatomic substituents adjacent to a heteroatom within the cyclohexane ring to prefer the axial orientation instead of the sterically less hindered equatorial position) is traditionally explained through either the dipole moment repulsion or the hyperconjugation effect. In this work, by employing our recent work in density functional steric analysis, we provide a novel two-component explanation, which is consistent with the common belief in chemistry that the effect has a stereoelectronic origin. With alpha-D-glucopyranose as the prototype, we systematically explore its conformational space and generate 32 isomers, leading to a total of 80 axial-equatorial conformation pairs. The energy difference analysis of these pairs shows that while statistically speaking the tendency is valid, the anomeric effect is not always true and can be violated. Three energy components, exchange-correlation, classical electrostatic, and density functional steric, are found to be directly proportional to the total energy difference between axial and equatorial isomers. We also found that the total dipole moment change, not the hyperconjugation effect, is a reasonable indicator of the total energy difference. However, all these correlations alone are not strong enough to provide a compellingly convincing explanation for the general validity of the effect. With the help of strong correlations between energy components, an explanation with two energy components, steric and electrostatic, was proposed in this work. We show that the axial-equatorial energy difference in general, with the anomeric effect as a special case, is dictated by two factors of the stereoelectronic origin, steric hindrance and classical electrostatic interactions, synchronously working together. Another explanation in terms of exchange-correlation and electrostatic interactions has also been obtained in this work. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3555760]
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disease without an established optimal treatment. AIM: To determine (i) the effect of acupuncture in relieving FD symptoms and improving life quality; (ii) the effect difference between acupoint and non-acupoint; and (iii) the effect difference among different acupoints. METHODS: A total of 712 eligible patients were included and randomly assigned to six groups (Group A: specific acupoints of the stomach meridian; Group B: non-specific acupoints of the stomach meridian; Group C: specific acupoints of alarm and transport points; Group D: specific acupoints of the gallbladder meridian; Group E: sham acupuncture of non-acupoints; and Group F: itopride). A treatment period of 4 weeks (continuous five sessions per week), and a follow-up period of 12 weeks were arranged. The outcomes were the (i) patients' response, (ii) symptoms improvement measured using the Symptom Index of Dyspepsia and (iii) quality-of-life improvement based on Nepean Dyspepsia Index. RESULTS: All groups had an improvement in dyspepsia symptoms and the QoL at the end of treatment, and the improvement was sustained for 4 weeks and 12 weeks. The overall response rate was significantly higher in acupuncture group A (70.69%), and lower in sham acupuncture group (34.75%), compared with itopride and other acupuncture groups. Similarly, the difference in symptoms and QoL improvement was significant between group A and the other acupuncture groups. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture is effective in the treatment of functional dyspepsia, and is superior to non-acupoint puncture. The benefit of acupuncture relies on acupoint specificity.
作者：
Ling, H. -y.;Hu, B.;Hu, X. -b.;Zhong, J.;Feng, S. -d.;Qin, L.;Liu, G.;Wen, G. -b.;Liao, D. -f.
期刊：
Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association,2012年120(9):553-559 ISSN：0947-7349
通讯作者：
Liao, DF
作者机构：
[Hu, B.; Ling, H. -y.] Univ S China, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Hu, X. -b.] Univ S China, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Liu, G.; Qin, L.] Univ S China, Inst Pharm & Pharmacol, Key Lab Pharmacoprote Hunan Prov, Hengyang, Peoples R China.;[Liao, D. -f.] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, State Key Lab Chinese Med Powder & Med Innovat Hu, Div Stem Cell Regulat & Applicat, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Feng, S. -d.] Univ S China, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Hengyang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liao, DF] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, State Key Lab Chinese Med Powder & Med Innovat Hu, Div Stem Cell Regulat & Applicat, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
miR-21;insulin resistance;PTEN;AKT
摘要：
Aims/hypothesis: Our previous study showed there was a change of microRNA (miRNA) expression profile, and miR-21 was significantly down regulated in insulin-resistant adipocytes (IR-adipocytes). Phosphatase and tensin homologs deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), a negative regulator of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway, was identified to be a target gene of miR-21, which suggested miR-21 might be associated with insulin resistance (IR) or diabetes. However, it is not known whether miR-21 play any role in the development of IR in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Methods: Normal adipocytes and adipocytes transfected with pre-miR-21(pmiR-21) or negative control (pNeg) were treated with high glucose and high insulin for 24 h, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was determined by 2-Deoxyglucose transport assay, miR-21 expression level was measured by using quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The protein expression levels of PTEN, Akt, phospho-Akt (Ser473), IR beta, GSK3 beta, phospho-GSK3 beta (Ser9) and GLUT4 were detected by western blotting assay. Results: We further confirmed that miR-21 was down regulated in IR-adipocytes by qRT-PCR. Over-expression of miR-21 significantly increased insulin-induced glucose uptake and decreased PTEN protein expression, while it had no significant effect on PTEN mRNA expression in IR-adipocytes. Moreover, over-expressing miR-21 significantly increased insulin-induced phosphorylation of AKT (Ser473), GSK3 beta (Ser9) and the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in IR-adipocytes. Conclusions: In this study, our data demonstrate that miR-21 reverses high glucose and high insulin induced IR in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, possibly through modulating the PTEN-AKT pathway, and miR-21 may be a new therapeutic target for metabolic diseases such as T2DM and obesity.
摘要：
Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) is a secretory protein that is upregulated with tumorigenic transformation of human mammary epithelial cells. This study demonstrated that AKR1B10 was overexpressed in 20 (71.4%) of 28 ductal carcinomas in situ, 184 (83.6%) of 220 infiltrating carcinomas and 28 (87.5%) of 32 recurrent tumors. AKR1B10 expression in breast cancer was correlated positively with tumor size (p = 0.0012) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0123) but inversely with disease-related survival (p = 0.0120). Univariate (p = 0.0077) and multivariate (p = 0.0192) analyses both suggested that AKR1B10, alone or together with tumor size and node status, is a significant prognostic factor for breast cancer. Silencing of AKR1B10 in BT-20 human breast cancer cells inhibited cell growth in culture and tumorigenesis in female nude mice. Importantly, AKR1B10 in the serum of breast cancer patients was significantly increased to 15.18 +/- 9.08 ng/ml [n = 50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 12.6017.76], with a high level up to 58.4 ng/ml, compared to 3.34 +/- 2.27 ng/ml in healthy donors (n = 60; 95% CI, 2.783.90). In these patients, AKR1B10 levels in serum were correlated with its expression in tumors (r = 0.8066; p < 0.0001). Together our data suggests that AKR1B10 is overexpressed in breast cancer and may be a novel prognostic factor and serum marker for this deadly disease.
作者机构：
[Zhou, Xuan; Li, Lin-Zi; Peng, Yi-Han; Zhang, Zhao-Jie; Liu, Li-Li; Yun, Jing-Ping; Lu, Shi-Xun; Zhang, Chris Zhiyi; Yang, Yuan-Zhong] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Canc, State Key Lab Oncol South China, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Canc Med, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xuan; Li, Lin-Zi; Peng, Yi-Han; Zhang, Zhao-Jie; Liu, Li-Li; Yun, Jing-Ping; Lu, Shi-Xun; Zhang, Chris Zhiyi; Yang, Yuan-Zhong] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Canc, Dept Pathol, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Yi, Chun] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yun, JP] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Canc, State Key Lab Oncol South China, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Canc Med, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among females, with tumor metastasis being primarily responsible for breast cancer-associated mortality. Current literatures have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in tumor metastasis. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-720 was significantly downregulated in primary breast cancer, with greater downregulation in metastatic tumors. Statistical analysis of 105 cases of primary human breast cancer demonstrated that decreased expression of miR-720 was correlated with lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, reexpression of miR-720 in breast cancer cells remarkably inhibited cell invasiveness and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, downregulation of TWIST1, a promoter of metastasis that was identified as a direct functional target of miR-720, was attributed to the inhibition of metastasis. Consistent with the reduced TWIST1 levels in breast cancer, reexpression of miR-720 upregulated epithelial markers (E-cadherin and beta-catenin) and downregulated mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin, fibronectin, vimentin and matrix metalloproteinase-2). Expression of miR-720 was inversely associated with TWIST1 in human breast cancer tissues. Knockdown of TWIST1 expression by small interfering RNA exhibited similar effects to reintroduction of miR-720, whereas overexpression of TWIST1 (without the 3'-untranslated region) abrogated miR-720-mediated metastasis inhibition. Collectively, our data indicate that miR-720 is frequently decreased in breast cancer and manifests antimetastatic activity by downregulating TWIST1, presenting a novel mechanism of miRNA-mediated regulation of tumor metastasis.
期刊：
Journal of ethnopharmacology,2009年121(3):412-418 ISSN：0378-8741
通讯作者：
Deng, CQ
作者机构：
[Deng, Chang-Qing; Liang, Yan; Zhang, Shu-Ping] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Lab Pathophysiol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Bei-Yang; Li, Hua] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Histol & Embryol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Xue-Gang; Li, Hua] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Deng, CQ] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Lab Pathophysiol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Total saponins of Panax notoginseng;Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion;TUNEL;Caspase-1;Caspase-3;Caspase-8
摘要：
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Total saponins of Panax notoginseng (TSPN), main constituents extracted from Panax Notoginseng, a highly valued traditional Chinese medicine, have been shown to be an effective agent on cerebral infarction. Aim of the study: The effects of TSPN on apoptosis and expressions of caspase-1, caspase-3 and caspase-8 were studied after cerebral ischemia for 2 h followed by reperfusion for 46 h in rats. Materials and methods: Rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model using the intraluminal thread. TSPN was administered intraperitoneally at 5 min before and 12 h, 24 h and 36 h after MCAO, respectively. Results: TSPN (at the dose of 25 mg/kg) significantly attenuated TUNEL-positive cells and reduced the expression of caspase-1 and caspase-3 compared to the model group, while it had no obvious effect on the expression of caspase-8. Conclusions: The neuroprotective effect of TSPN on focal ischemia may be related to inhibition of apoptosis and caspases activation. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Numerous man-made pollutants activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and are risk factors for type 2 diabetes. AhR signaling also affects molecular clock genes to influence glucose metabolism. OBJECTIVE: We investigated mechanisms by which AhR activation affects glucose metabolism. METHODS: Glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) and genes affecting glucose metabolism or fatty acid oxidation and clock gene rhythms were investigated in wild-type (WT) and AhR-deficient [knockout (KO)] mice. AhR agonists and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to examine the effect of AhR on PPAR-alpha expression and glycolysis in the liver cell line Hepa-1c1c7 (c7) and its c12 and c4 derivatives. Brain, muscle ARNT-like protein 1 (Bmal1) siRNA and Ahr or Bmal1 expression plasmids were used to analyze the effect of BMAL1 on PPAR-alpha expression in c7 cells. RESULTS: KO mice displayed enhanced insulin sensitivity and improved glucose tolerance, accompanied by decreased PPAR-alpha and key gluconeogenic and fatty acid oxidation enzymes. AhR agonists increased PPAR-alpha expression in c7 cells. Both Ahr and Bmal1 siRNA reduced PPAR-alpha and metabolism genes. Moreover, rhythms of BMAL1 and blood glucose were altered in KO mice. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate a link between AhR signaling, circadian rhythms, and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, hepatic activation of the PPAR-alpha pathway provides a mechanism underlying AhR-mediated insulin resistance.
摘要：
This work aims at establishing a simple fluorescent probe for the determination of dissolved oxygen. It is found that iron(II) ions activate oxygen to produce reactive species being capable of oxidizing non-fluorescent coumarin to fluorescent 7-hydroxycoumarin. However, this process is not effective because the yield of the reactive species is very low in the presence of simple iron(II) salts alone. The addition of organic ligands such as oxalate results in the formation of complexes between iron(II) ions, which leads to considerable increase in the yield of reactive species (such as hydroxyl radicals) and then increase in the fluorescence intensity of 7-hydroxycoumarin to a significant level. It has been observed that in the mixture solution of iron(II) ions, ligand, coumarin, and dissolved oxygen, there is an excellent linear response between the fluorescence and dissolved oxygen. Therefore, a new spectrofluorimetric method has been proposed for the determination of dissolved oxygen by using catalytic activation of O(2) by iron(II) chelates. Under optimized conditions, a linear correlation (r = 0.995) has been observed between the fluorescence intensity of 7-hydroxycoumarin at 456 nm and the concentration of dissolved oxygen over the range of 0.96-9.22 mg L(-1). The limit of detection for dissolved oxygen at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 has been estimated to be 0.35 mg L(-1). The proposed method has been applied to determine the concentration of dissolved oxygen in practical water samples with results as satisfactory as that obtained by the standard iodometric method. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者：
Li Ying;Liang Fanrong;Yang Xuguang;Tian Xiaoping;Yan Jie;Sun Guojie;Chang Xiaorong;Tang Yong;Ma Tingting;Zhou Li;Lan Lei;Yao Wen;Zou Ran
期刊：
Headache,2009年49(6):805-816 ISSN：0017-8748
通讯作者：
Li, Y
作者机构：
[Li Ying; Ma Tingting; Tang Yong; Tian Xiaoping; Yang Xuguang; Liang Fanrong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Yao Wen; Lan Lei; Chang Xiaorong; Yan Jie] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou Li; Sun Guojie; Zou Ran] Hubei Coll Tradit Chinese Med, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Y] 37 Shi Er Qiao Rd, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
acupuncture therapy;acute migraine;acupuncture points;sham acupuncture;traditional Chinese medicine
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the results of a multicenter randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of verum acupuncture in treating acute migraine attacks. BACKGROUND: Acupuncture has been used in China for centuries to treat migraine headache. Convincing evidence of its efficacy in alleviating pain, however, has been inadequate to date. METHODS: A total of 218 patients with migraine were recruited for the study; 180 met the inclusion criteria; 175 completed the callback process and were randomized into 3 groups. One group received verum acupuncture while subjects in the other 2 groups were treated with sham acupuncture. Each patient received 1 session of treatment and was observed over a period of 24 hours. The main outcome measure was the differences in visual analog scale (VAS) scores before treatment and 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 hours after treatment. RESULTS: Significant decreases in VAS scores from baseline were observed in the fourth hour after treatment when VAS was measured in the patients who received either verum acupuncture or sham acupunctures (P < .05). The VAS scores in the fourth hour after treatment decreased by a median of 1.0 cm, 0.5 cm, and 0.1 cm in the verum acupuncture group, sham acupuncture group 1, and sham acupuncture group 2, respectively. Similarly, there was a significant difference in the change in VAS scores from baseline in the second hour after treatment among the 3 groups (P = .006). Moreover, at the second hour after treatment, only patients treated with verum acupuncture showed significant decreases in VAS scores from baseline by a median of 0.7 cm (P < .001). Significant differences were observed in pain relief, relapse, or aggravation within 24 hours after treatment as well as in the general evaluations among the 3 groups (P < .05). Most patients in the acupuncture group experienced complete pain relief (40.7%) and did not experience recurrence or intensification of pain (79.6%). CONCLUSION: Verum acupuncture treatment is more effective than sham acupuncture based on either Chinese or Western nonacupoints in reducing the discomfort of acute migraine. Verum acupuncture is also clearly effective in relieving pain and preventing migraine relapse or aggravation. These findings support the contention that there are specific physiological effects that distinguish genuine acupoints from nonacupoints.
期刊：
DNA and cell biology,2013年32(6):302-309 ISSN：1044-5498
通讯作者：
Peng, D
作者机构：
[Jin, Yi; Peng, Dan; Shen, Yi; Xu, Min] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Dept Orthoped, Changsha 410000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liang, Ying] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Rice & Byprod Deep Proc, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Jing] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Bowen] Cent Hosp Changsha, Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg Ward, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Peng, D] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Dept Orthoped, Changsha 410000, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs that function as critical gene regulators through targeting mRNAs for translational repression or degradation. In this study, we showed that miR-376c expression level was decreased while transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFA) mRNA expression levels were increased in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, and we identified TGFA as a novel direct target of miR-376c. Overexpression of miR-376c suppressed TGFA expression and the expression of its downstream signaling molecule such as epidermal growth factor receptor, and attenuated cell proliferation and invasion. Forced expression of TGFA could partly rescue the inhibitory effect of miR-376c in the cells. Taken together, these findings will shed light on the role and mechanism of miR-376c in regulating osteosarcoma cell growth via miR-376c/TGFA axis, and miR-376c may serve as a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma in the future.
摘要：
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a period-aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear transporter-simple minded domain transcription factor that shares structural similarity with circadian clock genes and readily interacts with components of the molecular clock. Activation of AhR by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alters behavioral circadian rhythms and represses the Period1 (Per1) gene in murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Per1 expression is driven by circadian locomotor activity cycles kaput-brain muscle ARNT-like (CLOCK-BMAL1)-dependent activation of Eboxes in the Per1 promoter. We hypothesized that the effects of AhR activation on the circadian clock are mediated by disruption of CLOCK-BMAL1 function and subsequent Per1 gene suppression. Effects of AhR activation on rhythmic Per1 transcripts were examined in livers of mice after treatment with the AhR agonist, TCDD; the molecular mechanisms of Per1 repression by AhR were determined in hepatoma cells using TCDD and beta-napthoflavone as AhR activators. This study reports, for the first time, that AhR activation by TCDD alters the Per1 rhythm in the mouse liver and that Per1 gene suppression depends upon the presence of AhR. Furthermore, AhR interaction with BMAL1 attenuates CLOCK-BMAL1 activity and decreases CLOCK binding at Ebox1 and Ebox3 in the Per1 promoter. Taken together, these data suggest that AhR activation represses Per1 through disrupting CLOCK-BMAL1 activity, producing dysregulation of rhythmic Per1 gene expression. These data define alteration of the Per1 rhythm as novel signaling events downstream of AhR activation. Downregulation of Per1 could contribute to metabolic disease, cancer, and other detrimental effects resulting from exposure to certain environmental pollutants.
期刊：
Cancer immunology research,2016年4(5):419-430 ISSN：2326-6066
通讯作者：
He, AR
作者机构：
[He, Aiwu Ruth] Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington, District of Columbia. arh29@georgetown.edu;[Gatalica, Zoran; Reddy, Sandeep] Caris Life Science, Irving, Texas;[Marshall, John; Feng, Perry; Tesfaye, Anteneh; Kachhela, Jaydeep; Loffredo, Christopher; Wang, Hongkun; Gabrielson, Andrew; Zhang, Tiger; Atkins, Michael; Jiang, Jiji; Weiner, Louis; Prins, Petra] Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington, District of Columbia;[Kallakury, Bhaskar] Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia;[Fishbein, Thomas; Satoskar, Rohit; Island, Eddie] Medstar Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
通讯机构：
[He, AR] MedStar Georgetown Univ Hosp, Div Hematol Oncol, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA.;Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Dept Oncol, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
摘要：
Immune cells that infiltrate a tumor may be a prognostic factor for patients who have had surgically resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The density of intratumoral total (CD3(+)) and cytotoxic (CD8(+)) T lymphocytes was measured in the tumor interior and in the invasive margin of 65 stage I to IV HCC tissue specimens from a single cohort. Immune cell density in the interior and margin was converted to a binary score (0, low; 1, high), which was correlated with tumor recurrence and relapse-free survival (RFS). In addition, the expression of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) was correlated with the density of CD3(+) and CD8(+) cells and clinical outcome. High densities of both CD3(+) and CD8(+) T cells in both the interior and margin, along with corresponding Immunoscores, were significantly associated with a low rate of recurrence (P = 0.007) and a prolonged RFS (P = 0.002). In multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for vascular invasion and cellular differentiation, both CD3(+) and CD8(+) cell densities predicted recurrence, with odds ratios of 5.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6-21.8] for CD3(+) and 3.9 (95% CI, 1.1-14.1) for CD8(+) Positive PD-L1 staining was correlated with high CD3 and CD8 density (P = 0.024 and 0.005, respectively) and predicted a lower rate of recurrence (P = 0.034), as well as prolonged RFS (P = 0.029). Immunoscore and PD-L1 expression, therefore, are useful prognostic markers in patients with HCC who have undergone primary tumor resection. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(5); 419-30. (c)2016 AACR.
