Objective To study the protective effect of Shenmai injection (SMI) on renal glomerulus and tubule in rats with 5/6 nephrectomy. Methods By means of light microscopy, the morphological structural changes of the glomeruli and tubules in rats with chronic renal failure model caused by 5/6 nephrectomy were observed, for whom SMI was given intraporitoneally as a protecfive therapy. Results SMI could promote the recovery of injured glomeruli and tubules. Its effect was associated with inhibiting interstitial nephritis. Conclusion SMI has the protective effect on the kidn...