This paper discusses the construction methods of co-modified multi-functional nanocarriers, and the influence of two or more kinds of modification material on drug targeting in vitro and in vivo is analyzed in terms of formulation properties, selection and coordination of modified materials. On basis of the literature in recent 10 years, a comprehensive analysis for different types of co-modified nanocarriers was made, including the nanocarriers co-modified by two kinds of ligands, ligands and cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), polysaccharides...