BACKGROUND: Liushen Pill is a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has the effects of heat-clearing and detoxicating, eliminating stagnation, detumescence and alleviating pain. Modern pharmacology verifies that Liushen Pill has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, cardiac, anti-viral, anti-tumor effects, and has been extensively used in the treatment of various infectious diseases and malignant cancer. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effects of Liushen Pill on esophageal cancer xenografts, and effects on microvessel density and vascular endoth...