Acetylcysteine (NAC) has been used as an expectorant and rescued acetaminophen poisoning in clinic. It has many pharmacological effects such as anti - oxidant,anti - inflammatory,dilating microvessel, protecting nucleic acid molecules,anti - acquired immune deficiency syndrome. At present,it has a wider range of clinical applications,such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, acute lung injury,acute respiratory distress syndrome,cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis and drug - induced liver injury,etc. In this paper,the research status of the pharmacological actio...