This paper systematically described Professor Sun Guangrong's discussion on the "dominant diseases in traditional Chinese medicine". "Dominant diseases in traditional Chinese medicine" refered to the diseases treated with TCM showed good curative effect, less toxic and side effect, or the diseases treated with Western medicine had no good effects, but TCM could improve a symptom or a stage of the diseases, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). "Dominant diseases in traditional Chinese medicine" mainly included viral infection, disease dysfunc...