China boasts for its abundant resources of Trapa L. The fruit of Trapa has been given high edible and medicinal values so far. Trapa L. plants mainly contain terpenoids, sterols, phenolic acids and flavonoids. Current studies profoundly analyzed the biological activities on hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects of it. Some preliminary studies over biological activities included the effects on reducing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the inhibition of H_2O_2- induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, ind...