摘要：
AIM: To observe the effect of acupuncture at Foot-Yangming Meridian on gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), gastric motility and brain-gut peptide. METHODS: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal control group, model group (group with gastric mucosal damage, GMD), Sibai group (with acupuncture at Sibai point + GMD), Tianshu group (with acupuncture at Tianshu point + GMD), Zusanli group (with acupuncture at Zusanli point + GMD) and non-acupoint group (with acupuncture at non-acupoint + GMD). The GMD model group was induced by infusing pure alcohol into gastric cavity. H-2 Gas Clearance Test (HGCT) was used to measure GMBF, the frequency and amplitude of gastric motility were measured by the method of aerocyst, the content of brain-gut peptide in sinus ventriculi and bulbus medullae were detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Inhibitory effect of the frequency and amplitude of gastric motility were shown in model group, and the rates of frequency and amplitude changes were remarkably different from the normal control group (-19.41 +/- 17.21 vs -4.71 +/- 10.32, P < 0.05; -51.61 +/- 29.02 vs 1.81 +/- 14.12, P < 0.01). In comparison with control group, the GMBF was 0.52 +/- 0.161 mL vs 1.03 +/- 0.255 mL per 100g tissue/min, P < 0.01, the content of motilin in sinus ventriculi and bulbus medullae was 63.04 +/- 7.77 pg/mL vs 72.91 +/- 8.42 pg/mL, P < 0.05 and 50.96 +/- 8.77 pg/mL vs 60.76 +/- 8.05 pg/mL, P < 0.05, but the content of somatostatin in sinus ventriculi and bulbus medullae was 179.85 +/- 43.13 ng/g vs 90.54 +/- 40.42 ng/g, P < 0.01 and 532.86 +/- 122.58 ng/g vs 370.91 +/- 76.29 ng/g, P < 0.05, respectively. In comparison with model group, the amplitude of gastric motility was 1.52 +/- 20.13, -6.52 +/- 23.31, 6.92 +/- 25.21 vs -51.61 +/- 29.02, P < 0.01 and GMBF was 0.694 +/- 0.160 mL vs 0.893 +/- 0.210 mL, 1.038 +/- 0.301 mL vs 0.52 +/- 0.161 mL per 100g tissue/min, P < 0.01, respectively in Tianshu, Sibai and Zusanli groups, the content of motilin in sinus ventriculi and bulbus medullae was 71.64 +/- 9.35 pg/mL vs 63.04 +/- 7.77 pg/mL, P < 0.05; 58.96 +/- 6.69 pg/mL vs 50.96 +/- 8.77 pg/mL, P < 0.05 in Zusanli group and 72.84 +/- 8.62 pg/mL vs 63.04 +/- 7.77 pg/mL, P < 0.05 in Sibai group, while the content of somatostatin in bulbus medullae in Tianshu, Sibai and Zusanli groups was 480.62 +/- 151.69 ng/g, 388.53 +/- 155.04 ng/g, 365.76 +/- 143.93 ng/g vs 532.86 +/- 122.58 ng/g, P < 0.05, respectively. CONCLUSION: Electro-acupuncture at acupoints of Foot-Yangming Meridian could enhance the gastric motility, improve GMBF, and regulate the content of motilin and somatostatin in sinus ventriculi and bulbus. The effects of acupuncture on GMBF and gastric motility may be related to the content of brain-gut peptide. (c) 2007 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
摘要：
AIM: To observe the effects of pre-moxibustion on apoptosis and proliferation of gastric mucosal cell in rats with stress-induced ulcer, and to analyze the relationship between those effects and the expression of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70). METHODS: Sixty healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups, namely group A, B, C and D. The animal model of stress ulcer was established by water immersion and restraint stress. The rats in group A, 13, and D served as the restraint, model, and non-acupoint controls, respectively, while those in group C received moxibustion at Zusanli and Liangmen points. Immunohistochemical methodology was used to detect the expression of HSP70, apoptosis index (AI, x 10(-6)/mu m(2)) and proliferation index (PCNA-LI, x 10(-6)/mu m(2)). The mucosal expression of transforming growth factor a (TGF-alpha) was detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Moxibustion at Zusanli and Liangmen points significantly decreased the gastric injury and the apoptosis of gastric mucosal cells, while markedly increased the mucosal expression of TGF-alpha and HSP70 as well as the proliferation of gastric mucosal cells. Compared with group A, ulcer index (UI) (26.8 +/- 9.8 vs 12.0 +/- 5.9, P < 0.01), AI (9.6 +/- 4.2 vs 4.4 +/- 2.6, P < 0.05) and expression of HSP70 (9.6 +/- 4.2 vs 4.4 +/- 2.6, P < 0.05) were significantly increased, but the content of TGF-alpha (104.7 +/- 51.2 pg/mL vs 254.0 +/- 86.9 pg/mL, P < 0.01) and PCNA-LI (6.9 +/- 4.7 vs 14.9 +/- 4.6, P < 0.05) were significantly decreased in group B. However, ulcer index values (W) and AI were obviously lower in group C compared to groups B and D (14.1 +/- 5.4 vs 26.8 +/- 9.8 and 26.2 +/- 7.7, P < 0.01; 3.0 +/- 1.6 vs 9.6 +/- 4.2 and 8.2 +/- 5.2, P < 0.05, respectively), but content of TGF-alpha (237.0 +/- 72.6 pg/mL vs 104.7 +/- 51.2 pg/mL and 154.1 +/- 61.3 pg/mL, P < 0.01) and expression of HSP70 (0.13 +/- 0.03 vs 0.08 +/- 0.06 and 0.06 +/- 0.04, P < 0.05) were higher in group C. Furthermore, the PCNA-LI was significantly higher in group C than in group B (21.6 +/- 4.1 vs 6.9 +/- 4.7, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Moxibustion at Zusanli and Liangmen points has a protective effect on rats gastric mucosa in stress-induced gastric ulcer, which is closely related to its actions in promoting synthesis of TGF-alpha and proliferation of gastric mucosal cells, suppressing gastric mucosal cell apoptosis, and up-regulating HSP70 expression. (c) 2007 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
摘要：
AIM: To explore the mechanism of the exciting effects of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Sibai on the gastric myoelectric activities. METHODS: A total of 32 rats were randomly divided into four groups. Through intraperitoneal injection with atropine (the anti-cholinergic agent by blockade of muscarinic receptors), hexamethonium (automatic nerve ganglion-blocking agent) and reserpine (anti-adrenergic agent by depleting the adrenergic nerve terminal of its norepinephrine store), effects of EA at Sibai on the gastric myoelectric activities of the denervated rats were observed. RESULTS: After intraperitoneal injection of atropine and hexamethonium, the average amplitude and ratio of period to time in the phase of high activity of gastric myoelectric slow wave, and the average numbers of the peaks of gastric myoelectric fast wave were significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while after intraperitoneal injection of reserpine, the aforementioned three parameters were increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). EA at Sibai point partially relieved the inhibitory effect of atropine and hexamethonium on the gastric myoelectric activities in the rats (P < 0.05 or P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Cholinergic and adrenergic nervous systems and autonomic nerve ganglion participate in the peripheral passage of the controlling effects of EA at Foot Yangming Channel on gastrointestinal tract. (C) 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Ai Huang; Shou-Xiang Yi; Xi-Ping Li; Ya-Ping Lin; Jie Yan; Xiao-Rong Chang; Zong-Bao Yang; Yan, J; Rong Hu] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jie Yan] H;Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.
关键词：
EA;relative particularity between Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming;gastric mucosal damage;stress;intestinal trefoil factor;gene expression
摘要：
AIM: To investigate electroacupunture(EA) at the acupoints of Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming(SMFY), Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Yangming(SMFY) on gastric mucosal intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) gene expression detection in stress-induced rats with gastric mucosal lesion, and to explore the regulatory mechanism and significance of EA-related gastric mucosal protective effect. METHODS: Forty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Blank group, Model group, Model group+EA at acupoints of SMFY group("SMFY group's, and Model group+EA at acupoints of GMFY group(GMFY group). All rats (except blank group) were made model by water immersion and restraint stress (WRS). Then the gastric mucosa tissue in each rat was taken off after assessment of gastric mucosal lesion index(GUI), and the expression of ITF mRNA of the tissues was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method. RESULTS: Compared with Model group(54.3 +/- 1.34), the GUI value in SMFY group (31 +/- 2.21) decreased significantly(P < 0.01), so did that in GMFY group (39.8 +/- 1.62, P < 0.05), meanwhile GUI value in SMFY group was significantly lower than in GMFY group(P < 0.01). Compared with Model group (0.65 +/- 0.01), EA had a tendency to improve the expression of gastric mucosal ITFmRNA gene: such tendency existed in GMFY group (0.66 +/- 0.01) but with no signficant difference(P > 0.05), in SMFY group(0.76 +/- 0.01) with an extremely obvious difference (P < 0.01), furthermore the expression in SMFY group was significantly higher than in GMFY group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The gastric mucosal protective effect by EA at the acupoints of SMFY and GMFY was related to the expression variance of ITF, indicating certain meridian specificity exists. It could be one proof for the TCM theory "Relative particularity between SMFY and stomach". (C) 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
摘要：
AIM: To discuss the protective effect of electroacupuncture at the Foot-Yangming Meridian on gastric mucosal lesion, somatostatin (SS) and the expression of SS receptor genes (SSRimRNA) in rabbits with gastric ulcer and to further explore the relative specificity of meridians and viscera at gene expression level. METHODS: Forty rabbits were randomly divided into control group (A), gastric ulcer model group (B), Foot-Yangming Meridian group (C), Foot-Shaoyang Meridian group (D) and Foot-Taiyang Meridian group (E). The gastric ulcer model was prepared by infusing alcohol into stomach. Groups C-E were treated with electroacupuncture at points along the above meridians using meridian stimulating instruments for 7 days respectively. By the end of treatment, the index of gastric ulcer was determined, the amount of epidermal growth factor(EGF) and somatostatin was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). SS-R(1)mRNA expression in gastric mucosa was determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The value of EGF in model group was obviously lower(73.6 +/- 14.8 vs 91.3 +/- 14.9 pg/mL, P < 0.01) than that in control group. The index of gastric ulcer, content of SS and expression of SSR(1)mRNA in gastric mucosa were significantly higher than those in control group (24.88 +/- 6.29 vs 8.50 +/- 2.98 scores, P < 0.01; 2978.6 +/- 587.6 vs 1852.4 +/- 361.7 mIU/mL, P < 0.01; 2.56 +/- 0.25 vs 1.04 +/- 0.36, P < 0.01). The value of EGF in Foot-Yangming Meridian group was higher than that in model group(92.2 +/- 6.7 vs 73.6 +/- 14.8 pg/mL, P < 0.01). The index of gastric ulcer, content of SS and expression of SS-R1mRNA in gastric mucosa were significantly lower than those in control group(10.88 +/- 3.23 vs 24.88 +/- 6.29 scores, P < 0.01; 1800.2 +/- 488 vs 2978.6 +/- 587.6 mIU/mL, P < 0.01; 1.07 +/- 0.08 vs 2.56 +/- 0.25 mIU/mL, P < 0.01). Compared to the model group, the content of SS and expression of SSR(1)mRNA in gastric mucosa in Foot-Shaoyang Meridian group decreased (2441.0 +/- 488. vs 2978.6 587.6 mIU/mL, P < 0.05;1.73 +/- 0.16 vs 2.56 0.25 mIU/mL, P < 0.01). But the above parameters in Foot-Taiyang Meridian group did not improve and were significantly different from those in Foot-Yangming Meridian group (P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: Electro-acupuncture at Foot-Yangming Meridian can protect gastric mocusa against injury. The mechanism may be releted to the regulation of brain-gut peptides and the expression of SSRimRNA. (c) 2006 The WIG Press. All rights reserved.
通讯机构：
[Yan, Jie] H;Hunan Coll Tradit Chinese Med, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Physiol Lab, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.
关键词：
NTS;Firing Neuron;Gastric Distention;Meridian and Viscera;Acupuncture
摘要：
The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is a primary center, not only for receiving visceral afferents, but also for somatic afferents. Previous experiments demonstrated that NTS might be a primary afferent center for connecting the Stomach Meridian (ST Medirian) and the Stomach. In this study, an extracellular recording method was used to analyze the firing neurons. The variety of NTS' neurons' responses to gastric distention (GD) and different body surface points were compared. In 52 rats, 104 firing neurons of NTS were recorded, in which there were 47 GD related neurons. For the 47 GD related neurons, there were 33 neurons responsive to acupuncture at Sibai (ST 2, belonging to ST Meridian). Therefore, in the 47 GD related neurons, the response neuron occurring rate (RNOR) for acupuncture at ST 2 was 70.21%. Meanwhile in the 47 GD related neurons, when acupuncture was performed at Quanliao (SI 18, belonging to Small Intestine Meridian) and non-acupoint respectively, there were 18 and 17 firing neurons, and the RNOR were 38.30% and 36.17% respectively. The experiment demonstrated that there were some varieties in the response of NTS neurons to GD stimuli and acupuncture at different body surface points, which suggested that the ST Meridian was more intimately linked to the Stomach and that the different acupoints do have some specificity.
通讯机构：
[Yan, Jie] H;Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Coll Acupuncture & Moxibust, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, Peoples R China.
关键词：
electroacupuncture;serum;stomach meridian acupoints;gastric mucosal cells;epidermal growth Factor receptor;gene expression
摘要：
AIM: To investigate the effect of serum derived from rats treated with electroacupuncture at stomach meridian acupoints on the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in gastric mucosal cells. METHODS: The stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in rat model was established by water-immersion and restrained stress methods. 52 rats were randomly divided into: normal group (n = 8), model group (n = 8), model serum group (n = 12), stomach serum group (n = 12), and gallbladder serum group (n = 12). The gastric mucosal cells were separated by pronase-EDTA digestion method and incubated with serum. The EGFR gene expression in gastric mucosal cells was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. RESULTS: Compared with normal group (0.6860 +/- 0.0594), the serum derived from rats of the stomach group (1.2272 +/- 0.0813, P = 0.00 < 0.01) and gallbladder group (0.9640 +/- 0.0387, P = 0.00 < 0.01) had a tendency to enhance the EGFR gene expression in gastric mucosal cells. Such tendency existed in the model group (0.7104 +/- 0.0457) but with no significant difference (P = 0.495 > 0.05) and in model serum group (0.8516 +/- 0.0409) with an extremely obvious difference (P = 0.001 < 0.01). Furthermore, the EGFR gene expression in stomach serum group was significantly higher than that in gallbladder serum group (P = 0.00 < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The present study shows that serum derived from rats treated with electroacupuncture at stomach meridian acupoints can distinctly increase the EGFR gene expression of gastric mucosal cells. Therefore, there is certain meridian specificity in the serum, which could provide a proof for the TCM theory "particular relation between meridian and internal organ". (C) 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
通讯机构：
[Yan, Jie] H;Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Electroacupuncture;Gastric histology;Gastric mucosal protection;Intestinal trefoilf factor;Relative particularity between stomach meridian of foot-yangming and stomach;Stomach meridian of Foot-yangming
通讯机构：
[Yan, Jie] H;Hunan Coll Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Acupuncture & Moxibust, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Gastric mucosal injury/acupuncture effects;MMCSV;Relationship between Meridian and Viscus
摘要：
AIM: To explore the regularity of multi-meridians controlling a same viscus (MMCSV). METHODS: The rabbit gastric ulcer model was established by ethanol intragastric instillation. Fifty-six rabbits were randomly divided into normal group, model group (MG), model plus acupuncture at Foot Yangming Meridian group (YMG), model plus acupuncture at Foot Taiyin Meridian group (TYG), model plus acupuncture at Foot Shaoyang Meridian group (SYG), model plus acupuncture at Foot Jueyin Meridian group (JYG), model plus acupuncture at Foot Taiyang Meridian group (TYMG), with eight rabbits in each group. Gastric mucosal nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were assayed by the nitric acid reductase method, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were measured by radioimmunoassay. The comprehensive effects were analyzed by weighing method. RESULTS: Compared to MG, SYG, JYG and TYMG, the rabbits gastric mucosal injury index (GMII) reduced very significantly in YMG (P < 0.01). Compared to MG, the GMII also reduced significantly in TYG (P < 0.05). NO, NOS, PGE2 and EGF increased very significantly in YMG (P < 0.01). The EGF in YMG also increased significantly than that in TYG compared to those in MG, SYG, JYG and TYMG (P < 0.05). The PGE2 and EGF also increased very significantly in TYG than those in MG, JYG and TYMG (P < 0.01). While compared to SYG, the NOS increased significantly in TYG (P < 0.05). NOS was the highest in YMG (P < 0.01), and was higher in TYG than in MG (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: MMCSV is common. The Foot Yangming Meridian is most closely related to the stomach, followed by Foot Taiyin Meridian, Foot Shaoyang Meridian and Foot Jueyin Meridian. Foot Taiyang Meridian has no correlation with the stomach. (C) 2005 The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
关键词：
c-fos;nucleus of the solitary tract;acupuncture;facial acupoints;gastric distension
摘要：
Clinical practice has shown that acupuncture at facial acupoints has curative effects on some visceral diseases (especially gastrointestinal diseases). However, the physiological basis has not been clarified yet. In the present study, expression of c-fos in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) of rats following gastric distension and electroacupuncture (EA) at Yangbai (GB14) and Sibai (ST2) as well as Jiache (ST6) acupoints was observed by using immunohistochemistry technique. After EA at the three facial acupoints, c-fos immunoreactive (c-fos-IR) neurons were mainly distributed in the medial (mNTS) and intermediate subnucleus of the NTS, and a few were scatteredly distributed in the dorsalmedial and commissural subnucleus of the NTS. Furthermore, there is difference in the number of c-fos-IR neurons in the mNTS following EA at the three facial acupoints. The number in the EA at ST2 and GB14 group is the highest and the lowest, respectively. Gastric distension induces obviously the expression of c-fos, which is mainly confined in the mNTS. The results suggest that the noxious visceral and somatic afferent information from the stomach and face may converge in the mNTS, which may be involved in the effect of EA at facial acupoints on the gastrointestinal pain.
