作者机构：
[Zeng, Fang; Lan, Lei; Liang, Fanrong; Li, Zhengjie; Guo, Taipin; Wu, Feng; Li, Ying; Gao, Yujie; Yang, Jie; Dong, Mingkai] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Teaching Hosp 3, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Mailan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Sch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Qiyong] Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, Huaxi MR Res Ctr, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Zhengjie] Xiamen Univ, Coll Med, Dept Tradit Chinese Med, Xiamen, Fujian, Peoples R China.;[Kong, Jian; Makris, Nikos] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Charlestown, MA USA.
通讯机构：
[Liang, Fanrong; Zeng, Fang] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Teaching Hosp 3, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The aims of this study were to 1) compare resting state functional connectivity (rs-fc) of the periaqueductal gray (PAG), a key region in the descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) between migraine without aura (MwoA) patients and healthy controls (HC), and 2) investigate how an effective treatment can influence the PAG rs-fc in MwoA patients. One hundred MwoA patients and forty-six matched HC were recruited. Patients were randomized to verum acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and waiting list groups. Resting state fMRI data were collected and seed based functional connectivity analysis was applied. Compared with HC, MwoA patients showed reduced rs-fc between the PAG and rostral anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex (rACC/mPFC), key regions in the DPMS and other pain related brain regions. The reduced rs-fc between the PAG and rACC/mPFC was associated with increased migraine headache intensity at the baseline. After treatments, rs-fc between the PAG and the rACC in MwoA patients significantly increased. The changes of rs-fc among the PAG, rACC and ventral striatum were significantly associated with headache intensity improvement. Impairment of the DPMS is involved in the neural pathophysiology of migraines. Impaired DPMS in migraine patients can be normalized after effective treatment.
作者机构：
[Yang, Mingxiao; Li, Ying; Liang, Fanrong; Zhao, Ling; Zheng, Hui; Wu, Xi; Chen, Jiao] Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;[Chang, Xiaorong] Acupuncture and Tuina School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan, Changsha, China;[Li, Xuezhi; Gong, Biao] Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China;[Huang, Yinlan] Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, Yinchuan, China;[Sun, Xin] The Chinese Cochrane Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
摘要：
Importance: The long-term prophylactic effects of acupuncture for migraine are uncertain. Objective: To investigate the long-term effects of true acupuncture compared with sham acupuncture and being placed in a waiting-list control group for migraine prophylaxis. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a 24-week randomized clinical trial (4 weeks of treatment followed by 20 weeks of follow-up). Participants were randomly assigned to true acupuncture, sham acupuncture, or a waiting-list control group. The trial was conducted from October 2012 to September 2014 in outpatient settings at 3 clinical sites in China. A total of 249 participants 18 to 65 years old with migraine without aura based on the criteria of the International Headache Society, with migraine occurring 2 to 8 times per month. Interventions: Participants in the true acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups received treatment 5 days per week for 4 weeks for a total of 20 sessions. Participants in the waiting-list group did not receive acupuncture but were informed that 20 sessions of acupuncture would be provided free of charge at the end of the trial. Main Outcomes and Measures: Participants used diaries to record migraine attacks. The primary outcome was the change in the frequency of migraine attacks from baseline to week 16. Secondary outcome measures included the migraine days, average headache severity, and medication intake every 4 weeks within 24 weeks. Results: A total of 249 participants 18 to 65 years old were enrolled, and 245 were included in the intention-to-treat analyses. One hundred eighty-nine (77.1%) were women. Baseline characteristics were comparable across the 3 groups. The mean (SD) change in frequency of migraine attacks differed significantly among the 3 groups at 16 weeks after randomization (P < .001); the mean (SD) frequency of attacks decreased in the true acupuncture group by 3.2 (2.1), in the sham acupuncture group by 2.1 (2.5), and the waiting-list group by 1.4 (2.5); a greater reduction was observed in the true acupuncture than in the sham acupuncture group (difference of 1.1 attacks; 95% CI, 0.4-1.9; P = .002) and in the true acupuncture vs waiting-list group (difference of 1.8 attacks; 95% CI, 1.1-2.5; P < .001). Sham acupuncture was not statistically different from the waiting-list group (difference of 0.7 attacks; 95% CI, -0.1 to 1.4; P = .07). Conclusions and Relevance: Among patients with migraine without aura, true acupuncture may be associated with long-term reduction in migraine recurrence compared with sham acupuncture or assigned to a waiting list. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01687660.
期刊：
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM,2015年2015:414965 ISSN：1741-427X
通讯作者：
Zhou, Guoping
作者机构：
[Wu, Chunxiao; Wang, Jiao; Zhou, Guoping; Xu, Xiuhong; Lan, Xiao] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510515, China;[Li, Chun; Zhang, Xin] College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, and Tuina, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
通讯机构：
[Zhou, Guoping] Southern Med Univ, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Background. EA therapy is a traditional therapeutic approach for alleviation of cerebral I/R-induced brain injury. We investigated the effect of EA on MCAO rat model to examine the mechanism of apoptosis in the rat hippocampus. Methods. 200 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, I/R, EA, ERK inhibitor (PD), and ERK inhibitor+EA (PD+EA) groups. Each group was subdivided into 5 groups according to different time points. Locomotor behaviors were evaluated using neurological scales and morphological examination was performed using HE staining. Apoptosis index of neural cells in local infarcted area was measured by TUNEL and p-ERK expression was detected using immunohistochemistry technique and western blot analysis. Results. Neurological deficit scores and neural apoptosis in the EA group were lower than I/R group at the same time points, respectively. At different time points, p-ERK level was increased in the ischemic hippocampal CA1 in the EA group as compared to I/R group; the increased level was increased most at 1 day, 3 days, and 1 week (p < 0.01). Conclusion. EA alleviates neurological deficit, reduces apoptosis index, and simultaneously upregulates the expression of p-ERK signal pathway in rats subjected to I/R injury.
作者机构：
[Liu, Zhi-Bin] Shanxi Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Xianyang, Shanxi, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Bing; Rong, Pei-Jing; Jing, Xiang-Hong] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Fang; Zhou, Si-Yuan; Li, Ying; Zheng, Hui] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Coll, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Fu-Chun] Changchun Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Wei] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Hosp 1, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhu, Bing] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Zhi-Shun] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Guanganmen Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and functional diarrhea (FD) are highly prevalent, and the effectiveness of acupuncture for managing IBS-D and FD is still unknown.The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of electroacupuncture with loperamide.It was a prospective, randomized, parallel group controlled trial.A total of 448 participants were randomly assigned to He electroacupuncture group (n = 113), Shu-Mu electroacupuncture group (n = 111), He-Shu-Mu electroacupuncture group (n = 112), or loperamide group (n = 112). Participants in the 3 acupuncture groups received 16 sessions of electroacupuncture during a 4-week treatment phase, whereas participants in the loperamide group received oral loperamide 2 mg thrice daily. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in stool frequency at the end of the 4-weeks treatment. The secondary outcomes were the Bristol scale, the MOS 36-item short form health survey (SF-36), the weekly average number of days with normal defecations and the proportion of adverse events.Stool frequency was significantly reduced at the end of the 4-week treatment in the 4 groups (mean change from baseline, 5.35 times/week). No significant difference was found between the 3 electroacupuncture groups and the loperamide group in the primary outcome (He vs. loperamide group [mean difference 0.6, 95% CI, -1.2 to 2.4]; Shu-Mu vs. loperamide group [0.4, 95% CI, -1.4 to 2.3]; He-Shu-Mu vs. loperamide group [0.0, 95% CI, -1.8 to 1.8]). Both electroacupuncture and loperamide significantly improved the mean score of Bristol scale and increased the weekly average number of days with normal defecations and the mean scores of SF-36; they were equivalent in these outcomes. However, the participants in electroacupuncture groups did not report fewer adverse events than those in the loperamide group. Similar results were found in a subgroup analysis of separating patients with IBS-D and FD patients.Electroacupuncture is equivalent to loperamide for reducing stool frequency in IBS-D and FD patients. Further studies on cost effectiveness of acupuncture are warranted.
摘要：
Willed-movement (WM) training has been implicated in the promotion of motor function in human stroke survivors and focal ischemic rats. However, the molecular basis of changes in synaptic transmission following WM training remains unclear. In addition, studies examining the influence of rehabilitative training, such as skilled motor learning, on long-term depression (LTD) of synapses in the primary motor cortex have produced conflicting results. To identify the possible effects of willed movement on motor recovery, on expression of the protein interacting with C kinase 1 protein (PICK1), and on PICK1 related LTD, littermate rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), WM and environmental modification. Neurological and neurobehavioral assessments were performed for the rats with occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. Double-labeling immunofluorescence staining was performed to detected expression of PICK1 and NeuN. Extracellular recordings were used to detect the basal extracellular field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and LTD with or without PICK1 inhibitor FSC231. The results showed that willed-movement training facilitated motor recovery after MCAO in rats, increased the PICK1 protein levels, and enhanced LTD in the ischemia hemisphere. The enhanced LTD for the rats after willed-movement training was attenuated by FSC231. Our results indicated that willed-movement training can enhance activity-dependent LTD through PICK1-dependent mechanisms in the ischemic hemisphere of rats. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
期刊：
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2013年33(2):258-261 ISSN：0255-2922
通讯作者：
Lin, Yaping
作者机构：
[Yu, Jie; Peng, Hong; Lin, Yaping; Yi, Shouxiang] School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Massotherapy, Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hanpu Science and Education District
通讯机构：
[Lin, Yaping] Hunan Coll Tradit Chinese Med Hanpu Sci & Educ Di, Sch Acupuncture & Moxibust & Massotherapy, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Moxibustion;Apoptosis;Caspase;Gastric mucosal lesion;Heat shock protein
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of moxibustion-acupoint treatment with acupoints of Zusanli (ST 36) and Zhongwan (RN 12) on cell apoptosis and the expressions of heat shock protein (HSP) 60, HSP70 and second mitochondrial activator of caspase (Smac) in rat models of acute gastric mucosal lesion (AGML), and explore the mechanisms underlying protection of gastric mucosal lesion. METHODS: Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups, blank controlled group (group A), controlled-point group (group B) and acupoint group (group C), 8 for each. After 8-day moxibustion treatment in group B and C, gastric lavage of anhydrous ethanol was used to created AGML in all three groups. The Guth method was employed to measure the ulcer index (UI) of gastric mucosal lesion and immunohistochemistry used to measure apoptosis with apoptosis index (AI) and examine the expressions of HSP60, HSP70 and Smac. RESULTS: Compared with group A, the expressions of UI, AI, Smac and HSP60 were markedly elevated in group B (P<0.05 or P<0.01). However the expression of HSP70 showed no obvious change (P>0.05); the expressions of UI, HSP60 and HSP70 were markedly elevated in group C (P<0.01) while those of AI and Smac became obviously suppressed (P<0.01). Compared with group B, the expressions of UI, AI and Smac decreased significantly in group C (P< 0.01) while those of HSP60 and HSP70 increased markedly (P<0.01), and the expressions of HSP60 and HSP70 were considerably up-regulated (P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: The moxibustion treatment could alleviate the gastric mucosal lesion caused by anhydrous ethanol, induce the over-expressions of HSP60 and HSP70, and down-regulate the expression of Smac, which could suppress cell apoptosis.
期刊：
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2016年16(1):517- ISSN：1472-6882
通讯作者：
Liu, Jun-Ling
作者机构：
[Kan, Yu; Gao, Yong-Hui; Tan, Lian-Hong; Wang, Jun-Ying] Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China;[Li, Cheng-Wen] College of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tui-na, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China;[Li, Cheng-Wen] The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412012, Hunan Province, China;[Liu, Jun-Ling] Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. 13521898023@163.com;[Jing, Xiang-Hong] Meridian Research Center, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
通讯机构：
[Liu, Jun-Ling] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Dept Physiol, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Acupuncture analgesia;Neuropathic pain;Cumulative effect;Hippocampus;Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Electroacupuncture (EA) intervention can relieve a variety of pain; however, optimal EA protocols have not been clearly determined. In addition, although central mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) signaling has been shown to be involved in the antinociceptive effect of acupuncture stimulation, its characteristics at different time-points of EA intervention have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study investigated the relationship between the effects of different numbers of EA intervention sessions and the activation of MEK1 in the hippocampus and hypothalamus in a rat model of neuropathic pain. METHODS: After ligation of the left sciatic nerve, which induces chronic constriction injury (CCI), the acupoints Zusanli (ST36) and Yanglingquan (GB34) were applied. The thermal withdrawal latency of the hind paw was used to evaluate the effect of EA on pain thresholds. Intra-hippocampus microinjection of PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, was performed to validate the involvement of MEK in EA analgesia. The hippocampus and hypothalamus were harvested to examine the phosphorylation levels of MEK (pMEK) by western blotting. RESULTS: In CCI rats, the thermal pain threshold of the affected hind paw decreased significantly relative to the control. Following subsequent daily EA interventions, CCI-induced ipsilateral hyperalgesia was markedly improved from day 4 and the analgesic effect of EA lasted 3 days after cessation of EA. Four sessions of EA markedly suppressed CCI-induced decrease of hippocampal pMEK1 (normalized to the total MEK level). In contrast, successive sessions of EA intervention gradually down-regulated the CCI-induced up-regulation of hypothalamic pMEK1 along with the increase numbers of EA intervention. However, EA did not exert the same analgesic effect after microinjection of PD98059 into the contralateral hippocampus during the first 3 days of EA intervention. CONCLUSIONS: EA intervention can induce time-dependent cumulative analgesia in neuropathic pain rats after 4 successive sessions of daily EA intervention, which is at least in part related to the activation of hippocampal MEK1.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Zongbao; Dong, Jiyang] Xiamen Univ, Dept Elect Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Zongbao; Dong, Jiyang] Xiamen Univ, Dept Tradit Chinese Med, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a common gastrointestinal disease which has been considered as precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma. Previously, electro-acupuncture stimulation has been shown to be effective in ameliorating symptoms of CAG. However the underlying mechanism of this beneficial treatment is yet to be established. In the present study, an integrated histopathological examination along with molecular biological assay, as well as 1H NMR analysis of multiple biological samples (urine, serum, stomach, cortex and medulla) were employed to systematically assess the pathology of CAG and therapeutic effect of electro-acupuncture stimulation at Sibai (ST 2), Liangmen (ST 21), and Zusanli (ST 36) acupoints located in the stomach meridian using a rat model of CAG. The current results showed that CAG caused comprehensive metabolic alterations including the TCA cycle, glycolysis, membrane metabolism and catabolism, gut microbiota-related metabolism. On the other hand, electro-acupuncture treatment was found able to normalize a number of CAG-induced metabolomics changes by alleviating membrane catabolism, restoring function of neurotransmitter in brain and partially reverse the CAG-induced perturbation in gut microbiota metabolism. These findings provided new insights into the biochemistry of CAG and mechanism of the therapeutic effect of electro-acupuncture stimulations.
作者机构：
[Tan, L. H.] Department of Biochemistry and Moleculobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China;[Liu, J. L.] Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. 13521898023@163.com;[Jing, X. H.] Meridian Research Center, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China;[Chang, X. R.; Li, C. W.] College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tui-na, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410208, China;[Li, C. W.] First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, 412012, China
通讯机构：
[Liu, J. L.] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Dept Physiol, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Increasing evidence supports that acupuncture intervention is an effective approach for intraoperative and postoperative pain. Neuron-microglia crosstalk, mediated by the purinergic P2X7 receptor (R)/fractalkine/CX3CR1 cascade in the spinal cord dorsal horn, plays a pivotal role in pain processing. However, its involvement in the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) remains unclear. In this study, a rat neck-incision pain model was established by making a longitudinal incision along the midline of the neck and subsequent repeated mechanical stimulation. EA stimulation was applied to bilateral LI18, LI4-PC6, or ST36-GB34. The thermal pain threshold, cervicospinal ATP concentration, expression levels of purinergic P2XR and P2YR subunits mRNAs, and fractalkine, CX3CR1 and p38 MAPK proteins, were detected separately. The neck incision induced strong thermal hyperalgesia and upregulation of spinal ATP within 48 h. No significant change was found in thermal hyperalgesia after a single session of EA intervention. However, a single session of EA dramatically enhanced the neck incision-induced upregulation of ATP and upregulated the expression of P2X7R, which was reversed by two sessions of EA. Two sessions of EA at bilateral LI18 or LI4-PC6 attenuated hyperalgesia significantly, accompanied with downregulation of P2X7R/fractalkine/ CX3CR1 signaling after three sessions of EA. EA stimulation of LI18 or LI4-PC6 alleviates thermal hyperalgesia in neck-incision pain rats, which may be associated with its effects in regulating the neck incision-induced increase of ATP and P2X7R and subsequently suppressing fractalkine/CX3CR1 signaling in the cervical spinal cord.
摘要：
To investigate the similarities and differences in cerebral responses to puncturing at different acupoints for treating meal‐related functional dyspepsia (FD). Twenty right‐handed FD patients were enrolled and randomized divided into two groups. Each patient received 20 sessions’ electro‐acupuncture treatment. The acupoints used in Group A were four acupoints on the Stomach Meridian, and the acupoints used in Group B were four acupoints on the Gallbladder Meridian. PET‐CT scans were performed before and after acupuncture treatment to record the changes of cerebral glycometabolism. After treatment, the dyspepsia symptoms and the quality of life (QOL) of the patients in each group were significantly improved (p < 0.05) and there was insignificant difference in efficacy between the two groups (p > 0.05). In Group A, deactivation in brainstem, bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and cerebellum, left superior medial frontal gyrus, orbital frontal cortex (OFC), and thalamus, etc., and activation in bilateral middle cingulate cortex (MCC), precuneus and lingual gyrus, etc. were observed. In Group B, deactivation in brainstem, bilateral thalamus, putamen, ACC, postterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum, etc., and activation in bilateral MCC, precuneus, left OFC, etc. were observed (p < 0.05, Family‐wise error corrected). Different acupoints have similar clinical efficacy but relatively different cerebral responses. The influence on the sensory transduction regions (brainstem and thalamus) and visceral modulation regions might be the common mechanism of different acupoints treating for FD, and the modulation on some emotion/cognition‐related areas (e.g., prefrontal cortex) is the potential difference between the different acupoints.
摘要：
Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine therapy that has been found useful for treating various diseases. The treatments involve the insertion of fine needles at acupoints along specific meridians (meridian specificity). This study aims to investigate the metabolic basis of meridian specificity using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR)-based metabolomics. Electro-acupuncture (EA) stimulations were performed at acupoints of either Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming (SMFY) or Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang (GMFS) in healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. H-1-NMR spectra datasets of serum, urine, cortex, and stomach tissue extracts from the rats were analysed by multivariate statistical analysis to investigate metabolic perturbations due to EA treatments at different meridians. EA treatment on either the SMFY or GMFS acupoints induced significant variations in 31 metabolites, e.g., amino acids, organic acids, choline esters and glucose. Moreover, a few meridian-specific metabolic changes were found for EA stimulations on the SMFY or GMFS acupoints. Our study demonstrated significant metabolic differences in response to EA stimulations on acupoints of SMFY and GMFS meridians. These results validate the hypothesis that meridian specificity in acupuncture is detectable in the metabolome and demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of a metabolomics approach in understanding the mechanism of acupuncture.
作者机构：
[Xiaorong; Yan; Yi; Liu; Peng; Zhou; Jie] College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
通讯机构：
[Chang, Xiaorong] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Acupuncture & Tuina, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
pre-moxibustion;transection of neural pathway;Zusanli (ST36);gastric mucosal lesion;heat shock proteins-70;ulcer index;traditional Chinese medicine;neural regeneration
摘要：
Studies have shown that pre-moxibustion protects the gastric mucosa by up-regulating the expression of heat shock protein 70. However, the signaling pathway underlying this effect remains unclear. Rats were intragastrically administered absolute alcohol, causing obvious lesion of the gastric mucosa. Following pre-moxibustion at Zusanli (ST36) for 8 days, the ulcer index decreased to different degrees. The results of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting showed significant upregulation of heat shock protein 70 expression in the gastric mucosa and serum. None out of transection of the spinal cord, damage to the nucleus of the solitary tract, neurotomy of the vagal nerve and neurotomy of the common peroneal nerve affected the decrease in ulcer index or the increase in heat shock protein 70 expression in serum after pre-moxibustion at Zusanli, and heat shock protein 70 expression was obviously decreased in the gastric mucosa. These findings suggest that pre-moxibustion at Zusanli can protect the gastric mucosa against lesioning, and that the mechanism underlying this effect involves its induction of heat shock protein 70 expression. Neural pathways participate in the regulatory effects of moxibustion on heat shock protein 70 expression in the gastric mucosa.
作者机构：
[Xiao Lan; Guo-ping Zhou; Chun-xiao Wu; Xiu-hong Xu] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China;[Xin Zhang; Chun Li] College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
通讯机构：
[Zhou, Guo-ping] Southern Med Univ, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Electroacupuncture attenuates cerebral hypoxia and neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. To further identify the involved mechanisms, we assumed that electroacupuncture used to treat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was associated with the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. We established rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using the modified Zea-Longa's method. At 30 minutes before model establishment, p38 MAPK blocker SB20358 was injected into the left lateral ventricles. At 1.5 hours after model establishment, electroacupuncture was administered at acupoints of Chize (LU5), Hegu (LI4), Zusanli (ST36), and Sanyinjiao (SP6) for 20 minutes in the affected side. Results showed that the combination of EA and SB20358 injection significantly decreased neurologic impairment scores, but no significant differences were determined among different interventional groups. Hematoxylin-eosin staining also showed reduced brain tissue injuries. Compared with the SB20358 group, the cells were regularly arranged, the structures were complete, and the number of viable neurons was higher in the SB20358 + electroacupuncture group. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay showed a decreased apoptotic index in each group, with a significant decrease in the SB20358 + electroacupuncture group. Immunohistochemistry revealed reduced phosphorylated p38 expression at 3 days in the electroacupuncture group and SB20358 + electroacupuncture group compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group. There was no significant difference in phosphorylated p38 expression between the ischemia/reperfusion group and SB20358 group. These findings confirmed that the electroacupuncture effects on mitigating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury are possibly associated with the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. A time period of 3 days could promote the repair of ischemic cerebral nerves.
作者机构：
[Zeng, Fang; Lan, Lei; Liang, Fanrong; Li, Zhengjie; Guo, Taipin; Wu, Feng; Li, Ying; Yin, Tao; Gao, Yujie; Yang, Jie; Dong, Mingkai] The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;[Liu, Mailan] Acupuncture & Tuina School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China;[Gong, Qiyong] Huaxi MR Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;[Jorgenson, Kristen; Kong, Jian; Makris, Nikos] Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA;[Jorgenson, Kristen; Kong, Jian; Makris, Nikos] Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
通讯机构：
[Liang, Fanrong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Teaching Hosp 3, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Kong, Jian] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA.;[Kong, Jian] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Martinos Ctr Biomed Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA.
关键词：
Migraine;Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations;Brainsterm;Trigeminocervical complex;Acupuncture;Resting state fMRI
摘要：
Migraine is a common neurological disease with a high prevalence and unsatisfactory treatment options. The specific pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine remain unclear, which restricts the development of effective treatments for this prevalent disorder. The aims of this study were to 1) compare the spontaneous brain activity differences between Migraine without Aura (MwoA) patients and healthy controls (HCs), using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) calculation method, and 2) explore how an effective treatment (verum acupuncture) could modulate the ALFF of MwoA patients. One hundred MwoA patients and forty-six matched HCs were recruited. Patients were randomized to four weeks' verum acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and waiting list groups. Patients had resting state BOLD-fMRI scan before and after treatment, while HCs only had resting state BOLD-fMRI scan at baseline. Headache intensity, headache frequency, self-rating anxiety and self-rating depression were used for clinical efficacy evaluation. Compared with HCs, MwoA patients showed increased ALFF in posterior insula and putamen/caudate, and reduced ALFF in rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM)/trigeminocervical complex (TCC). After longitudinal verum acupuncture treatment, the decreased ALFF of the RVM/TCC was normalized in migraine patients. Verum acupuncture and sham acupuncture have different modulation effects on ALFF of RVM/TCC in migraine patients. Our results suggest that impairment of the homeostasis of the trigeminovascular nociceptive pathway is involved in the neural pathophysiology of migraines. Effective treatments, such as verum acupuncture, could help to restore this imbalance.
期刊：
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews,2014年(10):CD008487 ISSN：1469-493X
通讯作者：
Liang, Fan-rong
作者机构：
[Ying, Li; Zeng, Fang; Lan, Lei; Wu, Xi; Liang, Fan-rong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Coll, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Guan J.] Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, Chinese Cochrane Ctr, Chinese Evidence Based Med Ctr, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Mailan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Sch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liang, Fan-rong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Coll, 37 Shi Er Qiao Rd, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liang, Fan-rong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Coll, 37 Shi Er Qiao Rd, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Functional dyspepsia (FD) has been a worldwide complaint. More effective therapies are needed with fewer adverse effects than are seen with conventional medications. Acupuncture, as a traditional therapeutic method, has been widely used for functional gastrointestinal disorders in the East. Manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture have been recognized treatments for FD, but to date, no robust evidence has been found for the effectiveness and safety of these interventions in the treatment of this condition. OBJECTIVES: This review was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture in the treatment of FD. SEARCH METHODS: Trials meeting the inclusion criteria were identified through electronic searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Chinese Biology Medicine Disc (CBMdisc), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Wanfang Database, the VIP Database, and six trial registries. Handsearching was done to screen the reference sections of potential trials and reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if investigators reported efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture or electroacupuncture for patients with FD diagnosed by Rome II or Rome III criteria, compared with medications, blank control, or sham acupuncture. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were extracted by independent review authors. Study limitations were assessed by using the tool of The Cochrane Collabration for assessing risk of bias. For dichotomous data, risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) would be applied, and for continuous data, mean differences (MDs) and 95% CIs. A fixed-effect model was applied in the meta-analysis, or a descriptive analysis was performed. The quality of evidence for the outcome measure was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods. MAIN RESULTS: Seven studies were included in the review, involving 542 participants with FD (212 males and 330 females). These studies generally had an unclear risk of bias based on inadequate descriptions of allocation concealment and a high risk of bias based on lack of blinding. None of the studies reported on outcomes of the Functional Digestive Disorder Quality of Life questionnaire (FDDQL), the Satisfaction With Dyspepsia Related Health scale (SODA), the Digestive Health Status Instrument (DHSI), or effective/inefficient rate and symptom recurrence six months from completion of acupuncture treatment.Four RCTs of acupuncture versus medications (cisapride, domperidone, and itopride) were included in the review. No statistically significant difference was noted in the reduction in FD symptom scores and the frequency of FD attack by manual acupuncture, manual-electroacupuncture, or electroacupuncture compared with medications. In three trials of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture, all descriptive or quantitative analysis results implied that acupuncture could improve FD symptom scores and scores on the Neck Disability Index (NDI), the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) more or as significantly as sham acupuncture. With regard to adverse effects, acupuncture was superior to cisapride treatment (one study; all minor events), but no statistically significant difference was reported between acupuncture and sham acupuncture. No adverse effects data were reported in studies examining manual acupuncture versus domperidone, manual-electroacupuncture versus domperidone, or electroacupuncture versus itopride.Nevertheless, all evidence was of low or very low quality. The body of evidence identified cannot yet permit a robust conclusion regarding the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for FD. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: It remains unknown whether manual acupuncture or electroacupuncture is more effective or safer than other treatments for patients with FD.
期刊：
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2015年35(1):21-27 ISSN：0255-2922
通讯作者：
Peng Jin
作者机构：
[Zhang Wei] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Hosp 1, Dept Acupuncture & Massage, Changsha 410000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu Baoyan] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China.;[Liu Guangxia] Anhui Univ Chinese Med, Hosp 2, Dept Acupuncture, Hefei 230000, Peoples R China.;[Li Guoqin] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Guanganmen Hosp, Dept Resp, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China.;[Wu Xiaqiu; Peng Jin] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Basic Res Clin Med, Dept Prevent Med, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Peng Jin] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Basic Res Clin Med, Dept Prevent Med, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Acupoint sticking therapy;Quality of Life;Self efficacy;Asthma;Chinese medicine, traditional
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the self-efficacy and satisfaction of asthma patients subjected to summer acupoint application treatment (SAAT).METHODS: A two-year follow-up clinical study was conducted. Patients with asthma were treated by applying a herbal paste onto the Feishu (BL 13) and Fengmen (BL 12) acupoints on the three hottest days of summer, according to the traditional Chinese calendar, from 2008 to 2010. During a two-year follow-up, these patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire evaluating asthma degree,exacerbation frequency, concomitant medications and self-satisfaction. The self-rate and doctor-report outcomes obtained in parallel were evaluated to assess the efficacy of SAAT.RESULTS: A total of 527 asthma patients were initially enrolled in this study, of which 97 elderly patients and those with more severe cases of asthma were lost to follow-up. Thus, a total of 430 patients were valid for analysis using self-rate data. Nevertheless, occasional negative returns were obtained;almost all of the outcomes were rated as "No change", "Moderate effective", or "Very effective". In addition, 80% of the patients were satisfied with this treatment. Moreover, 391 (91.4%) patients were somewhat improved after SAAT in 2009, and further improvement was observed in 2010. After SAAT, the average asthma-degree score decreased from 5.3 in 2008 to 4 in 2009 and, subsequently to 3.5 in 2010.CONCLUSION: With pronounced patient satisfaction, SAAT can reduce the exacerbation severity and frequency, concomitant medications and asthma degree. Prolonging the treatment course might enhance the efficacy of SAAT.
期刊：
Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache,2017年37(2):161-176 ISSN：0333-1024
通讯作者：
Liang, Fanrong
作者机构：
[Zeng, Fang; Lan, Lei; Liang, Fanrong; Li, Zhengjie; Guo, Taipin; Wu, Feng; Li, Ying; Gao, Yujie; Yang, Jie; Dong, Mingkai] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Teaching Hosp 3, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Mailan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Sch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Qiyong] Sichuan Univ, Huaxi MR Res Ctr, West China Hosp, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Zhengjie] Xiamen Univ, Dept Tradit Chinese Med, Coll Med, Xiamen, Fujian, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Sharon; Kong, Jian; Makris, Nikos] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
通讯机构：
[Liang, Fanrong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Teaching Hosp 3, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Acupuncture;migraine without aura;fMRI;independent component analysis;frontoparietal network;resting-state functional connectivity
摘要：
AIMS: This study aims to investigate the resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) of the right frontoparietal network (rFPN) between migraineurs and healthy controls (HCs) in order to determine how the rFPN rs-fc can be modulated by effective treatment. METHODS: One hundred patients and 46 matched HCs were recruited. Migraineurs were randomized to verum acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and waiting list groups. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected before and after longitudinal treatments. Independent component analysis was applied in the data analysis. RESULTS: We found that migraineurs showed decreased rs-fc between the rFPN and bilateral precuneus compared with HCs. After treatments (real and sham), rFPN rs-fc with the precuneus was significantly reduced. This reduction was associated with headache intensity relief. In order to explore the role of the precuneus in acupuncture modulation, we performed a seed-based rs-fc analysis using the precuneus as a seed and found that the precuneus rs-fc with the bilateral rostral anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex, ventral striatum, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was significantly enhanced after treatment. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that migraineurs are associated with abnormal rFPN rs-fc. An effective treatment, such as acupuncture, may relieve symptoms by strengthening the cognitive adaptation/coping process. Elucidation of the adaptation/coping mechanisms may open up a new window for migraine management.
作者机构：
[Peng, Liang; Liu, Mi; Chang, Xiaorong; Yang, Zhou; Yi, Shouxiang; Yan, Jie; Peng, Yan] College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
通讯机构：
[Chang, Xiaorong] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Acupuncture & Tuina, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Previous studies have shown that somatic sensation by acupuncture and visceral nociceptive stimulation can converge in the nucleus tractus solitarii where neurons integrate signals impact-ing on the function of organs. To explore the role of the nucleus tractus solitarii in the protective mechanism of pre-moxibustion on gastric mucosa, nucleus tractus solitarii were damaged in rats and pre-moxibustion treatment at the Zusanli (ST36) point followed. The gastric mucosa was then damaged by the anhydrous ethanol lavage method. Morphological observations, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, and western immunoblot analyses showed that gastric mucosa surface lesion and the infiltration of inflammatory cells were significantly ameliorated after pre-moxibustion treatment. Furthermore, the gastric mucosal damage index and somatostatin level were reduced, and epidermal growth factor content in the gastric mucosa and heat-shock protein-70 expression were increased. These results were reversed by damage to the nucleus tractus solitarii. These findings suggest that moxibustion pretreatment at the Zusanli point is protective against acute gastric mucosa injury, and nucleus tractus solitarii damage inhibits these responses. Therefore, the nucleus tractus solitarii may be an important area for regulating the signal transduction of the protective effect of pre-moxibustion on gastric mucosa.
关键词：
Moxibustion;Point ST 21 (Liangmen);Point ST 36 (Zusanli);Stomach ulcer;Apoptosis;Cell proliferation
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of moxa-burning heat stimulating acupoints of Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) on the proliferation and apoptosis signaling proteins in rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer. METHODS: Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups: negative control (NC), ulcer control (UC), acupoints of stomach meridian (ASM), and acupoints control (AC). The acute gastric ulcer model was established by bound and water immersion. Rats in NC and UC groups didn't receive any moxa-burning heat stimulating treatment, while rats in ASM and AC groups were treated with buringmoxa heat stimulating the acupoints of Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) and their controlled points, respectively. Rats in all groups were sacrificed after 12 consecutive days treatment. The ulcer index was evaluated by using Guth's method. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), apoptotic protease activating facter-1 (Apaf-1), Caspase-3, p21 activated kinase 1 (PAK1), extracellular regulated protein kinases 2 (ERK2), phosphorylated ERK2 (pERK2), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and RAC-alpha serine/threonine- protein kinase (Akt) in gastric mucosa was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Compared with UC group, the ulcer index of ASM and AC groups decreased, and the injured gastric mucosa was improved, the expression of TNF-α, Apaf-1 and Caspase-3 in gastric mucosa was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while the expression of PAK1, ERK2, pERK2, PI3K and Akt in gastric mucosa was significantly increased (P < 0.05). And ASM showed better effect than AC group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Moxa-burning Heat stimulating of Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) could promote the recovery of gastric mucosal lesion probably by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation in stress-induced gastric ulcer.
