摘要：
AIM: To observe the effects of pre-moxibustion on apoptosis and proliferation of gastric mucosal cell in rats with stress-induced ulcer, and to analyze the relationship between those effects and the expression of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70). METHODS: Sixty healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups, namely group A, B, C and D. The animal model of stress ulcer was established by water immersion and restraint stress. The rats in group A, 13, and D served as the restraint, model, and non-acupoint controls, respectively, while those in group C received moxibustion at Zusanli and Liangmen points. Immunohistochemical methodology was used to detect the expression of HSP70, apoptosis index (AI, x 10(-6)/mu m(2)) and proliferation index (PCNA-LI, x 10(-6)/mu m(2)). The mucosal expression of transforming growth factor a (TGF-alpha) was detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Moxibustion at Zusanli and Liangmen points significantly decreased the gastric injury and the apoptosis of gastric mucosal cells, while markedly increased the mucosal expression of TGF-alpha and HSP70 as well as the proliferation of gastric mucosal cells. Compared with group A, ulcer index (UI) (26.8 +/- 9.8 vs 12.0 +/- 5.9, P < 0.01), AI (9.6 +/- 4.2 vs 4.4 +/- 2.6, P < 0.05) and expression of HSP70 (9.6 +/- 4.2 vs 4.4 +/- 2.6, P < 0.05) were significantly increased, but the content of TGF-alpha (104.7 +/- 51.2 pg/mL vs 254.0 +/- 86.9 pg/mL, P < 0.01) and PCNA-LI (6.9 +/- 4.7 vs 14.9 +/- 4.6, P < 0.05) were significantly decreased in group B. However, ulcer index values (W) and AI were obviously lower in group C compared to groups B and D (14.1 +/- 5.4 vs 26.8 +/- 9.8 and 26.2 +/- 7.7, P < 0.01; 3.0 +/- 1.6 vs 9.6 +/- 4.2 and 8.2 +/- 5.2, P < 0.05, respectively), but content of TGF-alpha (237.0 +/- 72.6 pg/mL vs 104.7 +/- 51.2 pg/mL and 154.1 +/- 61.3 pg/mL, P < 0.01) and expression of HSP70 (0.13 +/- 0.03 vs 0.08 +/- 0.06 and 0.06 +/- 0.04, P < 0.05) were higher in group C. Furthermore, the PCNA-LI was significantly higher in group C than in group B (21.6 +/- 4.1 vs 6.9 +/- 4.7, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Moxibustion at Zusanli and Liangmen points has a protective effect on rats gastric mucosa in stress-induced gastric ulcer, which is closely related to its actions in promoting synthesis of TGF-alpha and proliferation of gastric mucosal cells, suppressing gastric mucosal cell apoptosis, and up-regulating HSP70 expression. (c) 2007 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
摘要：
AIM: To observe the effect of acupuncture at Foot-Yangming Meridian on gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), gastric motility and brain-gut peptide. METHODS: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal control group, model group (group with gastric mucosal damage, GMD), Sibai group (with acupuncture at Sibai point + GMD), Tianshu group (with acupuncture at Tianshu point + GMD), Zusanli group (with acupuncture at Zusanli point + GMD) and non-acupoint group (with acupuncture at non-acupoint + GMD). The GMD model group was induced by infusing pure alcohol into gastric cavity. H-2 Gas Clearance Test (HGCT) was used to measure GMBF, the frequency and amplitude of gastric motility were measured by the method of aerocyst, the content of brain-gut peptide in sinus ventriculi and bulbus medullae were detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Inhibitory effect of the frequency and amplitude of gastric motility were shown in model group, and the rates of frequency and amplitude changes were remarkably different from the normal control group (-19.41 +/- 17.21 vs -4.71 +/- 10.32, P < 0.05; -51.61 +/- 29.02 vs 1.81 +/- 14.12, P < 0.01). In comparison with control group, the GMBF was 0.52 +/- 0.161 mL vs 1.03 +/- 0.255 mL per 100g tissue/min, P < 0.01, the content of motilin in sinus ventriculi and bulbus medullae was 63.04 +/- 7.77 pg/mL vs 72.91 +/- 8.42 pg/mL, P < 0.05 and 50.96 +/- 8.77 pg/mL vs 60.76 +/- 8.05 pg/mL, P < 0.05, but the content of somatostatin in sinus ventriculi and bulbus medullae was 179.85 +/- 43.13 ng/g vs 90.54 +/- 40.42 ng/g, P < 0.01 and 532.86 +/- 122.58 ng/g vs 370.91 +/- 76.29 ng/g, P < 0.05, respectively. In comparison with model group, the amplitude of gastric motility was 1.52 +/- 20.13, -6.52 +/- 23.31, 6.92 +/- 25.21 vs -51.61 +/- 29.02, P < 0.01 and GMBF was 0.694 +/- 0.160 mL vs 0.893 +/- 0.210 mL, 1.038 +/- 0.301 mL vs 0.52 +/- 0.161 mL per 100g tissue/min, P < 0.01, respectively in Tianshu, Sibai and Zusanli groups, the content of motilin in sinus ventriculi and bulbus medullae was 71.64 +/- 9.35 pg/mL vs 63.04 +/- 7.77 pg/mL, P < 0.05; 58.96 +/- 6.69 pg/mL vs 50.96 +/- 8.77 pg/mL, P < 0.05 in Zusanli group and 72.84 +/- 8.62 pg/mL vs 63.04 +/- 7.77 pg/mL, P < 0.05 in Sibai group, while the content of somatostatin in bulbus medullae in Tianshu, Sibai and Zusanli groups was 480.62 +/- 151.69 ng/g, 388.53 +/- 155.04 ng/g, 365.76 +/- 143.93 ng/g vs 532.86 +/- 122.58 ng/g, P < 0.05, respectively. CONCLUSION: Electro-acupuncture at acupoints of Foot-Yangming Meridian could enhance the gastric motility, improve GMBF, and regulate the content of motilin and somatostatin in sinus ventriculi and bulbus. The effects of acupuncture on GMBF and gastric motility may be related to the content of brain-gut peptide. (c) 2007 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Zeng, Fang; Lan, Lei; Liang, Fanrong; Li, Zhengjie; Guo, Taipin; Wu, Feng; Li, Ying; Gao, Yujie; Yang, Jie; Dong, Mingkai] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Teaching Hosp 3, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Mailan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Sch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Qiyong] Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, Huaxi MR Res Ctr, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Zhengjie] Xiamen Univ, Coll Med, Dept Tradit Chinese Med, Xiamen, Fujian, Peoples R China.;[Kong, Jian; Makris, Nikos] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Charlestown, MA USA.
通讯机构：
[Liang, Fanrong; Zeng, Fang] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Teaching Hosp 3, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The aims of this study were to 1) compare resting state functional connectivity (rs-fc) of the periaqueductal gray (PAG), a key region in the descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) between migraine without aura (MwoA) patients and healthy controls (HC), and 2) investigate how an effective treatment can influence the PAG rs-fc in MwoA patients. One hundred MwoA patients and forty-six matched HC were recruited. Patients were randomized to verum acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and waiting list groups. Resting state fMRI data were collected and seed based functional connectivity analysis was applied. Compared with HC, MwoA patients showed reduced rs-fc between the PAG and rostral anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex (rACC/mPFC), key regions in the DPMS and other pain related brain regions. The reduced rs-fc between the PAG and rACC/mPFC was associated with increased migraine headache intensity at the baseline. After treatments, rs-fc between the PAG and the rACC in MwoA patients significantly increased. The changes of rs-fc among the PAG, rACC and ventral striatum were significantly associated with headache intensity improvement. Impairment of the DPMS is involved in the neural pathophysiology of migraines. Impaired DPMS in migraine patients can be normalized after effective treatment.
摘要：
AIM: To discuss the protective effect of electroacupuncture at the Foot-Yangming Meridian on gastric mucosal lesion, somatostatin (SS) and the expression of SS receptor genes (SSRimRNA) in rabbits with gastric ulcer and to further explore the relative specificity of meridians and viscera at gene expression level. METHODS: Forty rabbits were randomly divided into control group (A), gastric ulcer model group (B), Foot-Yangming Meridian group (C), Foot-Shaoyang Meridian group (D) and Foot-Taiyang Meridian group (E). The gastric ulcer model was prepared by infusing alcohol into stomach. Groups C-E were treated with electroacupuncture at points along the above meridians using meridian stimulating instruments for 7 days respectively. By the end of treatment, the index of gastric ulcer was determined, the amount of epidermal growth factor(EGF) and somatostatin was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). SS-R(1)mRNA expression in gastric mucosa was determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The value of EGF in model group was obviously lower(73.6 +/- 14.8 vs 91.3 +/- 14.9 pg/mL, P < 0.01) than that in control group. The index of gastric ulcer, content of SS and expression of SSR(1)mRNA in gastric mucosa were significantly higher than those in control group (24.88 +/- 6.29 vs 8.50 +/- 2.98 scores, P < 0.01; 2978.6 +/- 587.6 vs 1852.4 +/- 361.7 mIU/mL, P < 0.01; 2.56 +/- 0.25 vs 1.04 +/- 0.36, P < 0.01). The value of EGF in Foot-Yangming Meridian group was higher than that in model group(92.2 +/- 6.7 vs 73.6 +/- 14.8 pg/mL, P < 0.01). The index of gastric ulcer, content of SS and expression of SS-R1mRNA in gastric mucosa were significantly lower than those in control group(10.88 +/- 3.23 vs 24.88 +/- 6.29 scores, P < 0.01; 1800.2 +/- 488 vs 2978.6 +/- 587.6 mIU/mL, P < 0.01; 1.07 +/- 0.08 vs 2.56 +/- 0.25 mIU/mL, P < 0.01). Compared to the model group, the content of SS and expression of SSR(1)mRNA in gastric mucosa in Foot-Shaoyang Meridian group decreased (2441.0 +/- 488. vs 2978.6 587.6 mIU/mL, P < 0.05;1.73 +/- 0.16 vs 2.56 0.25 mIU/mL, P < 0.01). But the above parameters in Foot-Taiyang Meridian group did not improve and were significantly different from those in Foot-Yangming Meridian group (P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: Electro-acupuncture at Foot-Yangming Meridian can protect gastric mocusa against injury. The mechanism may be releted to the regulation of brain-gut peptides and the expression of SSRimRNA. (c) 2006 The WIG Press. All rights reserved.
摘要：
AIM: To explore the mechanism of the exciting effects of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Sibai on the gastric myoelectric activities. METHODS: A total of 32 rats were randomly divided into four groups. Through intraperitoneal injection with atropine (the anti-cholinergic agent by blockade of muscarinic receptors), hexamethonium (automatic nerve ganglion-blocking agent) and reserpine (anti-adrenergic agent by depleting the adrenergic nerve terminal of its norepinephrine store), effects of EA at Sibai on the gastric myoelectric activities of the denervated rats were observed. RESULTS: After intraperitoneal injection of atropine and hexamethonium, the average amplitude and ratio of period to time in the phase of high activity of gastric myoelectric slow wave, and the average numbers of the peaks of gastric myoelectric fast wave were significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while after intraperitoneal injection of reserpine, the aforementioned three parameters were increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). EA at Sibai point partially relieved the inhibitory effect of atropine and hexamethonium on the gastric myoelectric activities in the rats (P < 0.05 or P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Cholinergic and adrenergic nervous systems and autonomic nerve ganglion participate in the peripheral passage of the controlling effects of EA at Foot Yangming Channel on gastrointestinal tract. (C) 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
通讯机构：
[Jie Yan] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.
关键词：
EA;Relative particularity between Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming;Gastric mucosal damage;Stress;Intestinal trefoil factor;Gene expression
摘要：
AIM: To investigate electroacupunture(EA) at the acupoints of Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming(SMFY), Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Yangming(SMFY) on gastric mucosal intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) gene expression detection in stress-induced rats with gastric mucosal lesion, and to explore the regulatory mechanism and significance of EA-related gastric mucosal protective effect. METHODS: Forty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Blank group, Model group, Model group+EA at acupoints of SMFY group("SMFY group's, and Model group+EA at acupoints of GMFY group(GMFY group). All rats (except blank group) were made model by water immersion and restraint stress (WRS). Then the gastric mucosa tissue in each rat was taken off after assessment of gastric mucosal lesion index(GUI), and the expression of ITF mRNA of the tissues was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method. RESULTS: Compared with Model group(54.3 +/- 1.34), the GUI value in SMFY group (31 +/- 2.21) decreased significantly(P < 0.01), so did that in GMFY group (39.8 +/- 1.62, P < 0.05), meanwhile GUI value in SMFY group was significantly lower than in GMFY group(P < 0.01). Compared with Model group (0.65 +/- 0.01), EA had a tendency to improve the expression of gastric mucosal ITFmRNA gene: such tendency existed in GMFY group (0.66 +/- 0.01) but with no signficant difference(P > 0.05), in SMFY group(0.76 +/- 0.01) with an extremely obvious difference (P < 0.01), furthermore the expression in SMFY group was significantly higher than in GMFY group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The gastric mucosal protective effect by EA at the acupoints of SMFY and GMFY was related to the expression variance of ITF, indicating certain meridian specificity exists. It could be one proof for the TCM theory "Relative particularity between SMFY and stomach". (C) 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Yang, Mingxiao; Li, Ying; Liang, Fanrong; Zhao, Ling; Zheng, Hui; Wu, Xi; Chen, Jiao] Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;[Chang, Xiaorong] Acupuncture and Tuina School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan, Changsha, China;[Li, Xuezhi; Gong, Biao] Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China;[Huang, Yinlan] Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, Yinchuan, China;[Sun, Xin] The Chinese Cochrane Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
摘要：
Importance: The long-term prophylactic effects of acupuncture for migraine are uncertain. Objective: To investigate the long-term effects of true acupuncture compared with sham acupuncture and being placed in a waiting-list control group for migraine prophylaxis. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a 24-week randomized clinical trial (4 weeks of treatment followed by 20 weeks of follow-up). Participants were randomly assigned to true acupuncture, sham acupuncture, or a waiting-list control group. The trial was conducted from October 2012 to September 2014 in outpatient settings at 3 clinical sites in China. A total of 249 participants 18 to 65 years old with migraine without aura based on the criteria of the International Headache Society, with migraine occurring 2 to 8 times per month. Interventions: Participants in the true acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups received treatment 5 days per week for 4 weeks for a total of 20 sessions. Participants in the waiting-list group did not receive acupuncture but were informed that 20 sessions of acupuncture would be provided free of charge at the end of the trial. Main Outcomes and Measures: Participants used diaries to record migraine attacks. The primary outcome was the change in the frequency of migraine attacks from baseline to week 16. Secondary outcome measures included the migraine days, average headache severity, and medication intake every 4 weeks within 24 weeks. Results: A total of 249 participants 18 to 65 years old were enrolled, and 245 were included in the intention-to-treat analyses. One hundred eighty-nine (77.1%) were women. Baseline characteristics were comparable across the 3 groups. The mean (SD) change in frequency of migraine attacks differed significantly among the 3 groups at 16 weeks after randomization (P < .001); the mean (SD) frequency of attacks decreased in the true acupuncture group by 3.2 (2.1), in the sham acupuncture group by 2.1 (2.5), and the waiting-list group by 1.4 (2.5); a greater reduction was observed in the true acupuncture than in the sham acupuncture group (difference of 1.1 attacks; 95% CI, 0.4-1.9; P = .002) and in the true acupuncture vs waiting-list group (difference of 1.8 attacks; 95% CI, 1.1-2.5; P < .001). Sham acupuncture was not statistically different from the waiting-list group (difference of 0.7 attacks; 95% CI, -0.1 to 1.4; P = .07). Conclusions and Relevance: Among patients with migraine without aura, true acupuncture may be associated with long-term reduction in migraine recurrence compared with sham acupuncture or assigned to a waiting list. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01687660.
作者机构：
[Liu, Zhi-Bin] Shanxi Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Xianyang, Shanxi, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Bing; Rong, Pei-Jing; Jing, Xiang-Hong] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Fang; Zhou, Si-Yuan; Li, Ying; Zheng, Hui] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Coll, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Fu-Chun] Changchun Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Wei] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Hosp 1, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhu, Bing] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Zhi-Shun] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Guanganmen Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and functional diarrhea (FD) are highly prevalent, and the effectiveness of acupuncture for managing IBS-D and FD is still unknown.The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of electroacupuncture with loperamide.It was a prospective, randomized, parallel group controlled trial.A total of 448 participants were randomly assigned to He electroacupuncture group (n = 113), Shu-Mu electroacupuncture group (n = 111), He-Shu-Mu electroacupuncture group (n = 112), or loperamide group (n = 112). Participants in the 3 acupuncture groups received 16 sessions of electroacupuncture during a 4-week treatment phase, whereas participants in the loperamide group received oral loperamide 2 mg thrice daily. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in stool frequency at the end of the 4-weeks treatment. The secondary outcomes were the Bristol scale, the MOS 36-item short form health survey (SF-36), the weekly average number of days with normal defecations and the proportion of adverse events.Stool frequency was significantly reduced at the end of the 4-week treatment in the 4 groups (mean change from baseline, 5.35 times/week). No significant difference was found between the 3 electroacupuncture groups and the loperamide group in the primary outcome (He vs. loperamide group [mean difference 0.6, 95% CI, -1.2 to 2.4]; Shu-Mu vs. loperamide group [0.4, 95% CI, -1.4 to 2.3]; He-Shu-Mu vs. loperamide group [0.0, 95% CI, -1.8 to 1.8]). Both electroacupuncture and loperamide significantly improved the mean score of Bristol scale and increased the weekly average number of days with normal defecations and the mean scores of SF-36; they were equivalent in these outcomes. However, the participants in electroacupuncture groups did not report fewer adverse events than those in the loperamide group. Similar results were found in a subgroup analysis of separating patients with IBS-D and FD patients.Electroacupuncture is equivalent to loperamide for reducing stool frequency in IBS-D and FD patients. Further studies on cost effectiveness of acupuncture are warranted.
摘要：
Willed-movement (WM) training has been implicated in the promotion of motor function in human stroke survivors and focal ischemic rats. However, the molecular basis of changes in synaptic transmission following WM training remains unclear. In addition, studies examining the influence of rehabilitative training, such as skilled motor learning, on long-term depression (LTD) of synapses in the primary motor cortex have produced conflicting results. To identify the possible effects of willed movement on motor recovery, on expression of the protein interacting with C kinase 1 protein (PICK1), and on PICK1 related LTD, littermate rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), WM and environmental modification. Neurological and neurobehavioral assessments were performed for the rats with occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. Double-labeling immunofluorescence staining was performed to detected expression of PICK1 and NeuN. Extracellular recordings were used to detect the basal extracellular field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and LTD with or without PICK1 inhibitor FSC231. The results showed that willed-movement training facilitated motor recovery after MCAO in rats, increased the PICK1 protein levels, and enhanced LTD in the ischemia hemisphere. The enhanced LTD for the rats after willed-movement training was attenuated by FSC231. Our results indicated that willed-movement training can enhance activity-dependent LTD through PICK1-dependent mechanisms in the ischemic hemisphere of rats. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
期刊：
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM,2015年2015:414965 ISSN：1741-427X
通讯作者：
Zhou, Guoping
作者机构：
[Wu, Chunxiao; Wang, Jiao; Zhou, Guoping; Xu, Xiuhong; Lan, Xiao] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510515, China;[Li, Chun; Zhang, Xin] College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, and Tuina, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
通讯机构：
[Zhou, Guoping] Southern Med Univ, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Background. EA therapy is a traditional therapeutic approach for alleviation of cerebral I/R-induced brain injury. We investigated the effect of EA on MCAO rat model to examine the mechanism of apoptosis in the rat hippocampus. Methods. 200 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, I/R, EA, ERK inhibitor (PD), and ERK inhibitor+EA (PD+EA) groups. Each group was subdivided into 5 groups according to different time points. Locomotor behaviors were evaluated using neurological scales and morphological examination was performed using HE staining. Apoptosis index of neural cells in local infarcted area was measured by TUNEL and p-ERK expression was detected using immunohistochemistry technique and western blot analysis. Results. Neurological deficit scores and neural apoptosis in the EA group were lower than I/R group at the same time points, respectively. At different time points, p-ERK level was increased in the ischemic hippocampal CA1 in the EA group as compared to I/R group; the increased level was increased most at 1 day, 3 days, and 1 week (p < 0.01). Conclusion. EA alleviates neurological deficit, reduces apoptosis index, and simultaneously upregulates the expression of p-ERK signal pathway in rats subjected to I/R injury.
期刊：
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2013年33(2):258-261 ISSN：0255-2922
通讯作者：
Lin, Yaping
作者机构：
[Yu Jie; Peng Hong; Lin Yaping; Yi Shouxiang] School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Massotherapy, Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hanpu Science and Education District
通讯机构：
[Lin, Yaping] Hunan Coll Tradit Chinese Med Hanpu Sci & Educ Di, Sch Acupuncture & Moxibust & Massotherapy, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Moxibustion;Apoptosis;Caspase;Gastric mucosal lesion;Heat shock protein
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of moxibustion-acupoint treatment with acupoints of Zusanli (ST 36) and Zhongwan (RN 12) on cell apoptosis and the expressions of heat shock protein (HSP) 60, HSP70 and second mitochondrial activator of caspase (Smac) in rat models of acute gastric mucosal lesion (AGML), and explore the mechanisms underlying protection of gastric mucosal lesion. METHODS: Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups, blank controlled group (group A), controlled-point group (group B) and acupoint group (group C), 8 for each. After 8-day moxibustion treatment in group B and C, gastric lavage of anhydrous ethanol was used to created AGML in all three groups. The Guth method was employed to measure the ulcer index (UI) of gastric mucosal lesion and immunohistochemistry used to measure apoptosis with apoptosis index (AI) and examine the expressions of HSP60, HSP70 and Smac. RESULTS: Compared with group A, the expressions of UI, AI, Smac and HSP60 were markedly elevated in group B (P<0.05 or P<0.01). However the expression of HSP70 showed no obvious change (P>0.05); the expressions of UI, HSP60 and HSP70 were markedly elevated in group C (P<0.01) while those of AI and Smac became obviously suppressed (P<0.01). Compared with group B, the expressions of UI, AI and Smac decreased significantly in group C (P< 0.01) while those of HSP60 and HSP70 increased markedly (P<0.01), and the expressions of HSP60 and HSP70 were considerably up-regulated (P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: The moxibustion treatment could alleviate the gastric mucosal lesion caused by anhydrous ethanol, induce the over-expressions of HSP60 and HSP70, and down-regulate the expression of Smac, which could suppress cell apoptosis.
作者：
Yong-Hui Gao;Cheng-Wen Li;Jun-Ying Wang;Yu Kan;Lian-Hong Tan;Xiang-Hong Jing;Jun-Ling Liu
期刊：
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2016年16(1):517- ISSN：1472-6882
通讯作者：
Liu, Jun-Ling
作者机构：
[Yu Kan; Yong-Hui Gao; Lian-Hong Tan; Jun-Ying Wang] Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China;[Cheng-Wen Li] College of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tui-na, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, China;[Cheng-Wen Li] The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412012, Hunan Province, China;[Jun-Ling Liu] Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. 13521898023@163.com;[Xiang-Hong Jing] Meridian Research Center, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
通讯机构：
[Liu, Jun-Ling] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Dept Physiol, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Acupuncture analgesia;Neuropathic pain;Cumulative effect;Hippocampus;Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Electroacupuncture (EA) intervention can relieve a variety of pain; however, optimal EA protocols have not been clearly determined. In addition, although central mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) signaling has been shown to be involved in the antinociceptive effect of acupuncture stimulation, its characteristics at different time-points of EA intervention have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study investigated the relationship between the effects of different numbers of EA intervention sessions and the activation of MEK1 in the hippocampus and hypothalamus in a rat model of neuropathic pain. METHODS: After ligation of the left sciatic nerve, which induces chronic constriction injury (CCI), the acupoints Zusanli (ST36) and Yanglingquan (GB34) were applied. The thermal withdrawal latency of the hind paw was used to evaluate the effect of EA on pain thresholds. Intra-hippocampus microinjection of PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, was performed to validate the involvement of MEK in EA analgesia. The hippocampus and hypothalamus were harvested to examine the phosphorylation levels of MEK (pMEK) by western blotting. RESULTS: In CCI rats, the thermal pain threshold of the affected hind paw decreased significantly relative to the control. Following subsequent daily EA interventions, CCI-induced ipsilateral hyperalgesia was markedly improved from day 4 and the analgesic effect of EA lasted 3 days after cessation of EA. Four sessions of EA markedly suppressed CCI-induced decrease of hippocampal pMEK1 (normalized to the total MEK level). In contrast, successive sessions of EA intervention gradually down-regulated the CCI-induced up-regulation of hypothalamic pMEK1 along with the increase numbers of EA intervention. However, EA did not exert the same analgesic effect after microinjection of PD98059 into the contralateral hippocampus during the first 3 days of EA intervention. CONCLUSIONS: EA intervention can induce time-dependent cumulative analgesia in neuropathic pain rats after 4 successive sessions of daily EA intervention, which is at least in part related to the activation of hippocampal MEK1.
作者机构：
[Jingjing Xu; Xujuan Zheng; Guiping Shen; Yadong Wang; Jiacheng Shen; Qida He; Jiyang Dong; Zongbao Yang] Xiamen Univ, Dept Elect Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.;[Jingjing Xu; Xujuan Zheng; Guiping Shen; Yadong Wang; Jiacheng Shen; Qida He; Jiyang Dong; Zongbao Yang] Xiamen Univ, Dept Tradit Chinese Med, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.;[Kian-Kai Cheng] Univ Teknol Malaysia, Innovat Ctr Agritechnol, Dept Bioproc & Polymer Engn, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.;[Xiaorong Chang; Mi Liu; Yuan Zhang] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Acupuncture & Moxibust, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Zongbao; Dong, Jiyang] Xiamen Univ, Dept Elect Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Zongbao; Dong, Jiyang] Xiamen Univ, Dept Tradit Chinese Med, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a common gastrointestinal disease which has been considered as precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma. Previously, electro-acupuncture stimulation has been shown to be effective in ameliorating symptoms of CAG. However the underlying mechanism of this beneficial treatment is yet to be established. In the present study, an integrated histopathological examination along with molecular biological assay, as well as 1H NMR analysis of multiple biological samples (urine, serum, stomach, cortex and medulla) were employed to systematically assess the pathology of CAG and therapeutic effect of electro-acupuncture stimulation at Sibai (ST 2), Liangmen (ST 21), and Zusanli (ST 36) acupoints located in the stomach meridian using a rat model of CAG. The current results showed that CAG caused comprehensive metabolic alterations including the TCA cycle, glycolysis, membrane metabolism and catabolism, gut microbiota-related metabolism. On the other hand, electro-acupuncture treatment was found able to normalize a number of CAG-induced metabolomics changes by alleviating membrane catabolism, restoring function of neurotransmitter in brain and partially reverse the CAG-induced perturbation in gut microbiota metabolism. These findings provided new insights into the biochemistry of CAG and mechanism of the therapeutic effect of electro-acupuncture stimulations.
摘要：
To investigate the similarities and differences in cerebral responses to puncturing at different acupoints for treating meal‐related functional dyspepsia (FD). Twenty right‐handed FD patients were enrolled and randomized divided into two groups. Each patient received 20 sessions’ electro‐acupuncture treatment. The acupoints used in Group A were four acupoints on the Stomach Meridian, and the acupoints used in Group B were four acupoints on the Gallbladder Meridian. PET‐CT scans were performed before and after acupuncture treatment to record the changes of cerebral glycometabolism. After treatment, the dyspepsia symptoms and the quality of life (QOL) of the patients in each group were significantly improved (p < 0.05) and there was insignificant difference in efficacy between the two groups (p > 0.05). In Group A, deactivation in brainstem, bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and cerebellum, left superior medial frontal gyrus, orbital frontal cortex (OFC), and thalamus, etc., and activation in bilateral middle cingulate cortex (MCC), precuneus and lingual gyrus, etc. were observed. In Group B, deactivation in brainstem, bilateral thalamus, putamen, ACC, postterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum, etc., and activation in bilateral MCC, precuneus, left OFC, etc. were observed (p < 0.05, Family‐wise error corrected). Different acupoints have similar clinical efficacy but relatively different cerebral responses. The influence on the sensory transduction regions (brainstem and thalamus) and visceral modulation regions might be the common mechanism of different acupoints treating for FD, and the modulation on some emotion/cognition‐related areas (e.g., prefrontal cortex) is the potential difference between the different acupoints.
作者机构：
[Xiao Lan; Guo-ping Zhou; Chun-xiao Wu; Xiu-hong Xu] School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China;[Xin Zhang; Chun Li] College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
通讯机构：
[Zhou, Guo-ping] Southern Med Univ, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Electroacupuncture attenuates cerebral hypoxia and neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. To further identify the involved mechanisms, we assumed that electroacupuncture used to treat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was associated with the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. We established rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using the modified Zea-Longa's method. At 30 minutes before model establishment, p38 MAPK blocker SB20358 was injected into the left lateral ventricles. At 1.5 hours after model establishment, electroacupuncture was administered at acupoints of Chize (LU5), Hegu (LI4), Zusanli (ST36), and Sanyinjiao (SP6) for 20 minutes in the affected side. Results showed that the combination of EA and SB20358 injection significantly decreased neurologic impairment scores, but no significant differences were determined among different interventional groups. Hematoxylin-eosin staining also showed reduced brain tissue injuries. Compared with the SB20358 group, the cells were regularly arranged, the structures were complete, and the number of viable neurons was higher in the SB20358 + electroacupuncture group. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay showed a decreased apoptotic index in each group, with a significant decrease in the SB20358 + electroacupuncture group. Immunohistochemistry revealed reduced phosphorylated p38 expression at 3 days in the electroacupuncture group and SB20358 + electroacupuncture group compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group. There was no significant difference in phosphorylated p38 expression between the ischemia/reperfusion group and SB20358 group. These findings confirmed that the electroacupuncture effects on mitigating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury are possibly associated with the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. A time period of 3 days could promote the repair of ischemic cerebral nerves.
摘要：
Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine therapy that has been found useful for treating various diseases. The treatments involve the insertion of fine needles at acupoints along specific meridians (meridian specificity). This study aims to investigate the metabolic basis of meridian specificity using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR)-based metabolomics. Electro-acupuncture (EA) stimulations were performed at acupoints of either Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming (SMFY) or Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang (GMFS) in healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. H-1-NMR spectra datasets of serum, urine, cortex, and stomach tissue extracts from the rats were analysed by multivariate statistical analysis to investigate metabolic perturbations due to EA treatments at different meridians. EA treatment on either the SMFY or GMFS acupoints induced significant variations in 31 metabolites, e.g., amino acids, organic acids, choline esters and glucose. Moreover, a few meridian-specific metabolic changes were found for EA stimulations on the SMFY or GMFS acupoints. Our study demonstrated significant metabolic differences in response to EA stimulations on acupoints of SMFY and GMFS meridians. These results validate the hypothesis that meridian specificity in acupuncture is detectable in the metabolome and demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of a metabolomics approach in understanding the mechanism of acupuncture.
作者机构：
[Zeng, Fang; Lan, Lei; Liang, Fanrong; Li, Zhengjie; Guo, Taipin; Wu, Feng; Li, Ying; Yin, Tao; Gao, Yujie; Yang, Jie; Dong, Mingkai] The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;[Liu, Mailan] Acupuncture & Tuina School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China;[Gong, Qiyong] Huaxi MR Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;[Jorgenson, Kristen; Kong, Jian; Makris, Nikos] Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA;[Jorgenson, Kristen; Kong, Jian; Makris, Nikos] Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
通讯机构：
[Liang, Fanrong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Teaching Hosp 3, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Kong, Jian] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA.;[Kong, Jian] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Martinos Ctr Biomed Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA.
关键词：
Migraine;Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations;Brainsterm;Trigeminocervical complex;Acupuncture;Resting state fMRI
摘要：
Migraine is a common neurological disease with a high prevalence and unsatisfactory treatment options. The specific pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine remain unclear, which restricts the development of effective treatments for this prevalent disorder. The aims of this study were to 1) compare the spontaneous brain activity differences between Migraine without Aura (MwoA) patients and healthy controls (HCs), using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) calculation method, and 2) explore how an effective treatment (verum acupuncture) could modulate the ALFF of MwoA patients. One hundred MwoA patients and forty-six matched HCs were recruited. Patients were randomized to four weeks' verum acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and waiting list groups. Patients had resting state BOLD-fMRI scan before and after treatment, while HCs only had resting state BOLD-fMRI scan at baseline. Headache intensity, headache frequency, self-rating anxiety and self-rating depression were used for clinical efficacy evaluation. Compared with HCs, MwoA patients showed increased ALFF in posterior insula and putamen/caudate, and reduced ALFF in rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM)/trigeminocervical complex (TCC). After longitudinal verum acupuncture treatment, the decreased ALFF of the RVM/TCC was normalized in migraine patients. Verum acupuncture and sham acupuncture have different modulation effects on ALFF of RVM/TCC in migraine patients. Our results suggest that impairment of the homeostasis of the trigeminovascular nociceptive pathway is involved in the neural pathophysiology of migraines. Effective treatments, such as verum acupuncture, could help to restore this imbalance.
作者机构：
[Tan, L H] Department of Biochemistry and Moleculobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China;[Liu, J L] Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China. 13521898023@163.com;[Jing, X H] Meridian Research Center, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China;[Chang, X R; Li, C W] College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tui-na, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410208, China;[Li, C W] First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, 412012, China
通讯机构：
[Liu, J. L.] China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Acupuncture & Moxibust, Dept Physiol, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Increasing evidence supports that acupuncture intervention is an effective approach for intraoperative and postoperative pain. Neuron-microglia crosstalk, mediated by the purinergic P2X7 receptor (R)/fractalkine/CX3CR1 cascade in the spinal cord dorsal horn, plays a pivotal role in pain processing. However, its involvement in the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) remains unclear. In this study, a rat neck-incision pain model was established by making a longitudinal incision along the midline of the neck and subsequent repeated mechanical stimulation. EA stimulation was applied to bilateral LI18, LI4-PC6, or ST36-GB34. The thermal pain threshold, cervicospinal ATP concentration, expression levels of purinergic P2XR and P2YR subunits mRNAs, and fractalkine, CX3CR1 and p38 MAPK proteins, were detected separately. The neck incision induced strong thermal hyperalgesia and upregulation of spinal ATP within 48 h. No significant change was found in thermal hyperalgesia after a single session of EA intervention. However, a single session of EA dramatically enhanced the neck incision-induced upregulation of ATP and upregulated the expression of P2X7R, which was reversed by two sessions of EA. Two sessions of EA at bilateral LI18 or LI4-PC6 attenuated hyperalgesia significantly, accompanied with downregulation of P2X7R/fractalkine/ CX3CR1 signaling after three sessions of EA. EA stimulation of LI18 or LI4-PC6 alleviates thermal hyperalgesia in neck-incision pain rats, which may be associated with its effects in regulating the neck incision-induced increase of ATP and P2X7R and subsequently suppressing fractalkine/CX3CR1 signaling in the cervical spinal cord.
期刊：
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews,2014年(10):CD008487 ISSN：1469-493X
通讯作者：
Liang, Fan-rong
作者机构：
[Ying, Li; Zeng, Fang; Lan, Lei; Wu, Xi; Liang, Fan-rong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Coll, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Guan J.] Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, Chinese Cochrane Ctr, Chinese Evidence Based Med Ctr, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Mailan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Sch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liang, Fan-rong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Coll, 37 Shi Er Qiao Rd, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liang, Fan-rong] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Acupuncture & Tuina Coll, 37 Shi Er Qiao Rd, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Functional dyspepsia (FD) has been a worldwide complaint. More effective therapies are needed with fewer adverse effects than are seen with conventional medications. Acupuncture, as a traditional therapeutic method, has been widely used for functional gastrointestinal disorders in the East. Manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture have been recognized treatments for FD, but to date, no robust evidence has been found for the effectiveness and safety of these interventions in the treatment of this condition. OBJECTIVES: This review was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture in the treatment of FD. SEARCH METHODS: Trials meeting the inclusion criteria were identified through electronic searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Chinese Biology Medicine Disc (CBMdisc), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Wanfang Database, the VIP Database, and six trial registries. Handsearching was done to screen the reference sections of potential trials and reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if investigators reported efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture or electroacupuncture for patients with FD diagnosed by Rome II or Rome III criteria, compared with medications, blank control, or sham acupuncture. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were extracted by independent review authors. Study limitations were assessed by using the tool of The Cochrane Collabration for assessing risk of bias. For dichotomous data, risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) would be applied, and for continuous data, mean differences (MDs) and 95% CIs. A fixed-effect model was applied in the meta-analysis, or a descriptive analysis was performed. The quality of evidence for the outcome measure was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods. MAIN RESULTS: Seven studies were included in the review, involving 542 participants with FD (212 males and 330 females). These studies generally had an unclear risk of bias based on inadequate descriptions of allocation concealment and a high risk of bias based on lack of blinding. None of the studies reported on outcomes of the Functional Digestive Disorder Quality of Life questionnaire (FDDQL), the Satisfaction With Dyspepsia Related Health scale (SODA), the Digestive Health Status Instrument (DHSI), or effective/inefficient rate and symptom recurrence six months from completion of acupuncture treatment.Four RCTs of acupuncture versus medications (cisapride, domperidone, and itopride) were included in the review. No statistically significant difference was noted in the reduction in FD symptom scores and the frequency of FD attack by manual acupuncture, manual-electroacupuncture, or electroacupuncture compared with medications. In three trials of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture, all descriptive or quantitative analysis results implied that acupuncture could improve FD symptom scores and scores on the Neck Disability Index (NDI), the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) more or as significantly as sham acupuncture. With regard to adverse effects, acupuncture was superior to cisapride treatment (one study; all minor events), but no statistically significant difference was reported between acupuncture and sham acupuncture. No adverse effects data were reported in studies examining manual acupuncture versus domperidone, manual-electroacupuncture versus domperidone, or electroacupuncture versus itopride.Nevertheless, all evidence was of low or very low quality. The body of evidence identified cannot yet permit a robust conclusion regarding the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for FD. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: It remains unknown whether manual acupuncture or electroacupuncture is more effective or safer than other treatments for patients with FD.
