摘要：
Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a factor of risk for psychosis and is associated with alterations in facial emotion processing.Negative symptoms of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders are associated with deficits in facial emotion processing, but research findings on schizotypy are mixed. This study examined the early stage of facial emotion processing in young adults with high levels of negative schizotypy (NS) and explored the impact of childhood maltreatment. On the basis of the Social and Physical Anhedonia subscales of the Chapman Psychosis-Proneness Scales, a total of 74 high-NS and 52 low-NS individuals were recruited to complete the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the dot-probe task. The P100 and N170 components of event-related potentials were measured to assess the processing of four facial expressions of emotion. The high-NS group showed significantly reduced P100 amplitudes for all facial expressions. Angry and fearful expressions elicited larger N170 amplitudes than disgusted and happy expressions. Happy expressions elicited shorter N170 latencies than disgusted expressions. Compared to the high-NS group without CM, the high-NS group with CM had a longer latency of P100. Individuals with high NS, compared to individuals with low NS, have impaired fundamental visual processing, but intact processing of facial figurations. Childhood maltreatment may be a factor responsible for the pathological state of the visual pathway in high NS group.
摘要：
The ability to appropriately recognize the facial expression of emotions is essential for the development of adaptive functioning. Studies suggest that maltreated children are hypersensitive to expression of anger. However, the neural mechanism of emotional face processing in young adults with a history of childhood maltreatment has yet to be explored. To explore whether the history of childhood maltreatment has a potential relationship with processing of emotional facial expressions, the present study used event-related potentials in investigating the early ERP components (P100 and N170) to the processing of emotional (angry, fearful, disgusted, and happy) faces in young adult victims of childhood maltreatment. Seventeen young adults with a history of childhood maltreatment and seventeen age and gender-matched non-maltreated participants performed a modified dot-probe task, using emotional faces paired with neutral faces. Results revealed no significant differences between maltreated group and non-maltreated group in P100 amplitude, but the N170 amplitude in the maltreated group was larger than non-maltreated group when processing angry, fearful, and happy faces. As such, this study provides biological evidence of altered neural processing of emotional facial expressions in young adults with a history of childhood maltreatment.
作者机构：
[Fu Xiaogao; Gong Jingbo] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Dept Appl Psychol, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chan, Raymond C. K.; Wang Ya] Chinese Acad Sci, Neuropsychol & Appl Cognit Neurosci Lab, CAS Key Lab Mental Hlth, Inst Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Liu Jianbo] Cent S Univ, Mental Hlth Inst, Xiangya Hosp 2, Changsha 410011, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cheung, Eric F. C.] Castle Peak Hosp, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Chan, Raymond C. K.] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Dept Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chan, Raymond C. K.] I;Inst Psychol, Room 526,South Block,16 Lincui Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
摘要：
This study aimed to measure the associations between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), childhood maltreatment (CM), schizotypy and response inhibition, and to explore the interactions between hsCRP, CM and schizotypy on response inhibition. Two hundred and fourteen participants completed the Stop-Signal Task (SST), the Schizotypy Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ), which measured response inhibition, schizotypy and history of CM respectively. The level of hsCRP was also measured. The high schizotypy group (n = 114) had higher scores on SPQ and CTQ, higher hsCRP levels and longer SST reaction times (SSRTs) than the low schizotypy group (n = 100). In female participants, SSRT had a positive correlation with the SPQ positive factor and the disorganized SPQ factor and a positive correlation with physical neglect. HsCRP was positively correlated with the SPQ negative factor and positive SPQ factor. In male participants, SSRT was negatively correlated with emotional neglect and physical neglect. The majority of correlations between CTQ and SPQ variables were significant in both female and male participants. In female participants, hsCRP significantly predicted SSRT, and hsCRP significantly interacted with positive schizotypy in predicting SSRT.
摘要：
The aim of the current study was to examine whether early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) mediate the association between different kinds of childhood maltreatment and later psychopathology and the effect of different kinds of childhood maltreatment on psychological distress in later life. A total of 1102 college students from two local universities participated in the study; their average age was 20.46 +/- 1.13 years. The participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Early Maladaptive Schemas Scale (EMSs), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Later psychological distress had a significant positive correlation with childhood EMSs, and almost all of the variables measuring childhood maltreatment had a significant positive correlation with EMSs. Structural equation modeling and mediation analyses were conducted based on Bootstrap estimations; the mediation analyses demonstrated the utility of EMSs as the mechanism through which childhood maltreatment has an indirect effect on later psychological distress. Moreover, the study found that emotional abuse had the strongest overall effect of all five types of child maltreatment on later psychological distress, followed in order of magnitude by emotional neglect, physical neglect, sexual abuse, and physical abuse.
关键词：
Melancholic major depressive disorder;Default mode network;Network homogeneity;Resting-state imaging
摘要：
Background: Melancholic depression is a relatively homogenous subtype of major depressive disorders (MDD). The condition has several endogenous symptoms and represents strong biological components. However, its specific neurobiological mechanisms remain unknown. Previous neuroimaging findings indicated that default mode network (DMN) is closely related to MDD. The present study examined the network homogeneity (NH) of the DMN in patients with melancholic MDD. Methods: A total of 33 first-episode, treatment-naive melancholic MDD patients and 32 healthy controls underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The data were analyzed using the NH method. Results: Compared with healthy controls, patients with melancholic MDD showed low NH values in the right middle temporal gyrus and temporal pole (MTG/FP). The abnormal NH of this region and clinical characteristics were not correlated. Conclusion: Abnormal NH pattern of DMN exists in patients with melancholic MDD. This feature may be part of the pathophysiological basis of this disorder. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Gong, Jing-bo; Chan, Raymond C. K.; Wang, Ya; Lui, Simon S. Y.] Inst Psychol, CAS Key Lab Mental Hlth, Neuropsychol & Appl Cognit Neurosci Lab, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Jing-bo] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Dept Appl Psychol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cheung, Eric F. C.; Lui, Simon S. Y.] Castle Peak Hosp, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Chan, Raymond C. K.] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Dept Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Chan, Raymond C. K.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Psychol, 16 Lincui Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chan, Raymond C. K.] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Psychol, 16 Lincui Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Childhood trauma has been shown to be a robust risk factor for mental disorders, and may exacerbate schizotypal traits or contribute to autistic trait severity. However, little is known whether childhood trauma confounds the overlap between schizotypal traits and autistic traits. This study examined whether childhood trauma acts as a confounding variable in the overlap between autistic and schizotypal traits in a large non-clinical adult sample. A total of 2469 participants completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form. Correlation analysis showed that the majority of associations between AQ variables and SPQ variables were significant (p < 0.05). In the multiple regression models predicting scores on the AQ total, scores on the three SPQ subscales were significant predictors(Ps < 0.05). Scores on the Positive schizotypy and Negative schizotypy subscales were significant predictors in the multiple regression model predicting scores on the AQ Social Skill, AQ Attention Switching, AQ Attention to Detail, AQ Communication, and AQ Imagination subscales. The association between autistic and schizotypal traits could not be explained by shared variance in terms of exposure to childhood trauma. The findings point to important overlaps in the conceptualization of ASD and SSD, independent of childhood trauma.
期刊：
Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health,2017年48(2):447-454 ISSN：0125-1562
通讯作者：
Zhang, Bin
作者机构：
[Wang, Yefei; Zhang, Bin] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yefei; Zhang, Bin] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Dept Appl Psychol, Xiang Zui Rd 39, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Bin] H;Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Dept Appl Psychol, Xiang Zui Rd 39, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
anxiety and irritation;nurse;personality trait;professional identity;work-related depression
摘要：
This study aimed to explore the impact of personality trait and professional identity on work-related depression, anxiety, irritation among Chinese nurses. Hospital nurses are known to work in stressful environment, which may lead to depression, anxiety and irritation symptoms. Few studies have been done to address this problem from the perspective of personality trait and professional identity in Chinese nurses. This was a cross sectional study. Data were collected from twenty hospitals of Hunan Province, in central China. The instruments used in this study were Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale, Professional Identity Questionnaire, and Work-Related Depression, Anxiety and Irritation Scale. Extraversion and professional identity negatively correlated with and predicted work-related depression, anxiety and irritation; Neuroticism and Psychoticism positively correlated with and predicted work-related depression, anxiety and irritation. Strengthening the nurses' professional identity may be helpful toward reducing work-related depression, anxiety and irritation. Administrative and psychological interventions of these work-related emotion problems should take the difference in personality trait into account.
期刊：
South African Journal of Psychiatry,2017年23(1):1025 ISSN：1608-9685
通讯作者：
Zhang, Bin
作者机构：
[Wang, Yefei] Second Xiangya Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Changshashih, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yefei] Second Xiangya Hosp, Mental Hlth Inst, Changshashih, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yefei; Zhang, Bin] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Dept Appl Psychol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Bin] H;Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Dept Appl Psychol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The dual model of perfectionism was adopted to explore the influence of adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism on depression in college students. The results support the dual process model of perfectionism in Chinese undergraduates. A sample of 206 Chinese undergraduates completed measures of perfectionism, General Self-efficacy Measure, Beck Depression Inventory, State Anxiety Inventory, Positive and Negative Affect Scale (Time 1) and Beck Depression Inventory 4 months later (Time 2). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the three-factor model of perfectionism with dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism, adaptive perfectionism and order factor fit the date well. Partial correlations analyses revealed that maladaptive perfectionism was related to psychopathology, whereas adaptive perfectionism was more closely correlated with positive features of mental health. In cross-sectional analyses, the discrepancy which measures the perceived difference between the standards one has set for one's own behaviour and actual performance and the socially prescribed perfectionism subscales of maladaptive perfectionism could significantly predict baseline depressive symptoms. However, after controlling for the initial scores of depression, none of the perfectionism subscales significantly predicted the change in depression across a 4-month lag. Distinguishing adaptive and maladaptive aspects of perfectionism may be beneficial to understanding the influence of perfectionism on depression.
摘要：
We investigated the processing of self-related information under the prime paradigm using event-related potentials (ERPs) to provide evidence for implicit self-positivity bias in Chinese individuals. Reaction times and ERPs were recorded when participants made positive/negative emotional judgments to personality-trait adjectives about themselves or others. Faster responses occurred to self-related positive adjectives and other-related negative adjectives, indicating implicit self-positivity bias at the behavioral level. ERPs showed an interaction between prime and emotion at the P300 amplitude, with larger P300 amplitudes for words within the self-positivity bias, indicating that self-related information occupied more attentional resources. Larger N400 amplitudes elicited by words that were inconsistent with the self-positivity bias, suggesting that accessing non-self-relevant information is more difficult than self-relevant information. Thus, P300 and N400 could be used as neuro-indexes of the implicit self-positivity bias.
期刊：
Materials Science and Engineering C: Materials for Biological Applications,2013年33(7):4416-4426 ISSN：0928-4931
通讯作者：
Wang, Jiali
作者机构：
[Wang, Jue; Tang, Jian; Wang, Jiali; Qin, Ling; Yue, Ye] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Biomed & Hlth Engn, Ctr Translat Med Res & Dev, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Jiali; Qin, Ling] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Orthopaed & Traumatol, Musculoskeletal Res Lab, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Kai] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Weirong; Li, Yangde] Guangdong Innovat Team Biodegradable Magnesium &, Eande 523660, Dongguan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Jiali] C;Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Orthopaed & Traumatol, Musculoskeletal Res Lab, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Magnesium and its alloys;In vitro;Absorbable;Cytotoxicity;Internal fixation
摘要：
Magnesium alloys have been advocated as potential artificial bone materials due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. The understanding of their corrosive mechanism in physiological environments is therefore essential for making application-orientated designs. Thus, this in vitro study was designed to assess the effects of CO2 on corrosive behavior of AZ31D to mimic in vivo special ingredient. Electrochemical technologies accompanied with Scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, Energy dispersive spectroscopy and hydrogen evolution measurement were employed to analyze corrosive rates and mechanisms of AZ31D. Moreover, the biocompatibility of AZ31D was assessed with a direct cell attachment assay and an indirect cytotoxicity test in different diluted extracts. The ion concentrations in extracts were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to offer explanations on the differences of cell viability in the indirect test. The results of the direct cytotoxicity assay showed that the corrosive rate of AZ31D was too rapid to allow for cell adhesion. Extracts diluted less than 20 times would cause adverse effects on cell proliferation, likely due to excessive ions and gas release. Moreover, the presence of CO2 did not cause significant differences on corrosive behavior of AZ31D according to the results of electrochemical testing and hydrogen evolution measurement. This might be caused by the simultaneous process of precipitation and dissolution of MgCO3 due to the penetration role of CO2. This analysis of corrosive atmospheres on the degradation behavior of magnesium alloys would contribute to the design of more scientific in vitro testing systems in the future. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
