作者机构：
[Wang X.; Li Z.] School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China;[Kim K.-W.; Kim Y.-C.] College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 570-749, South Korea;[Liu Z.Z.] Hunan Society of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China;[Yook C.S.] School of Pharmacy, KyungHee University, Seoul, 130-701, South Korea;Broad-Ocean Bio-Science and Technique Co., Ltd of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
通讯机构：
School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
关键词：
4 epifriedelin;5A stigmastan 3,6 dione;alpha amyrin;arachidic acid;beta amyrin;canophyllal;chemical compound;epifriedelinol;friedelane;friedelin;n dotriacontane;n octatriacontanol;n pentatriacontanol;nonadecanol;palmitic acid;pomolic acid;protocatechuic acid;sitogluside;skimmin;stigmast 4 en 3 one;stigmasterol;taraxerol;taraxeryl acetate;umbelliferone;unclassified drug;ursolic acid;vincosamide;antiinflammatory activity;Article;carbon nuclear magnetic resonance;chemical structure;correlation spectroscopy;cytotoxicity;heteronuclear multiple bond correlation;mass spectrometry;nonhuman;nuclear Overhauser effect;physical chemistry;phytochemistry;Pileostegia viburnoides;plant leaf;proton nuclear magnetic resonance;Saxifragaceae;spectroscopy;two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance
作者机构：
[Yu, Xiaoming; Cheng, Yong; Wu, Kemei; Wang, Yan; Wang, Muzou; Zhang, Juntian; Zhu, Chuanjiang; Chu, Shifeng] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Mat Med, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Xiaoming; Cheng, Yong; Zhang, Juntian; Wu, Kemei; Wang, Yan; Wang, Muzou; Zhu, Chuanjiang; Chu, Shifeng] Peking Union Med Coll, 1 Xiannongtan St, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Huiyong; Chu, Shifeng] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Digital Tradit Chinese Med, Key Lab Diagnost Tradit Chinese Med, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shaolin] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.;[Liu, Shaolin] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Program Neurosci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, JT ] P;Peking Union Med Coll, 1 Xiannongtan St, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Mat Med, Dept Pharmacol, 1 Xiannongtan St, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Multi-target drugs, such as the cocktail therapy used for treating AIDS, often show stronger efficacy than single target drugs in treating complicated diseases. This review will focus on clausenamide (clau), a small molecule compound originally isolated from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Clausenalansium. The finding of four chiral centers in clau molecules predicted the presence of 16 clau enantiomers, including (-)-dau and (+)-clau. All of the predicted enantiomers have been successfully synthesized via innovative chemical approaches, and pharmacological studies have demonstrated (-)-clau as a eutomer and (+)-clau as a distomer in improving cognitive function in both normal physiological and pathological conditions. Mechanistically, the nootropic effect of (-)-clau is mediated by its multi-target actions, which include mild elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentrations, modulation of the cholinergic system, regulation of synaptic plasticity, and activation of cellular and molecular signaling pathways involved in learning and memory. Furthermore, (-)-clau suppresses the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting multiple etiological processes: (1) beta amyloid protein-induced intracellular Ca2+ overload and apoptosis and (2) tau hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration. In conclusion, the nature of the multi-target actions of (-)-clau substantiates it as a promising chiral drug candidate for enhancing human cognition in normal conditions and treating memory impairment in neurodegenerative diseases. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Li Z.; Li X.J.; Wang X.; Liu X.Q.] School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China;[Zou Q.P.] Broad-Ocean Bio-Science and Technique Co., Ltd of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China;[Kwon O.K.; Lee H.K.] Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk, 363-883, South Korea
通讯机构：
School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
关键词：
1 o beta dextro glucopyranosyl 2 (2' hydrooxypalmitoylamino) 8 octadecene 1,3,4 triol;antiinflammatory agent;araliasaponin II;begoniifolide A;ciwujianoside C3;cussonoside B;echinocystic acid 3 o alpha levo arabinopyranoside;echinocystic acid 3 o beta dextro glucopyranosyl (1-3) o alpha levo arabinopyranoside;eleutheroside K;fumaric acid;glyceroyl 1,6,8 trihydroxy 3 methyl 9,10 dioxo 2 anthracene carboxylate;guaianin N;hemoslonin A;interleukin 6;matesaponin J2;momordin Ib;nitric oxide;oleanolic acid 3 o [beta dextro glucopyranosyl (1-3)] beta dextro galactopyranosyl (1-2) o alpha levo arabinopyranoside;plant medicinal product;tauroside D;tumor necrosis factor alpha;unclassified drug;ursolic acid 3 o alpha levo arabinopyranoside;ursolic acid 3 o alpha levo arabinopyranosyl 28 o alpha levo rhamnopyranosyl (1-4) o beta dextro glucopyranosyl (1-6) o beta dextro glucopyranoside;Acanthopanax henryi;antiinflammatory activity;Araliaceae;Article;chemical composition;concentration response;controlled study;cytokine production;drug cytotoxicity;drug isolation;drug structure;macrophage;mass spectrometry;nuclear magnetic resonance;plant leaf
通讯机构：
[Liu, SJ ] C;Cent S Univ, Xiang Ya Sch Med, Affiliated Hosp 3, Dept Digest Med, Changsha 410078, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Anti-gastric Cancer MGC-803 cell;Folium Cordylines Fruticosae
摘要：
The active components in Folium Cordylines Fruticosae were extracted by heat reflux method. The solvents used were distilled water and ethanol. The effects of two types of extracts on gastric cancer cells were compared; dry extract yields were calculated, as well as the inhibition rates of gastric cancer MGC-803 cell proliferation and the colony cell counts. The micro-Kjeldahl method was used to measure the cell protein contents and to make a comprehensive comparison. The results showed that the MGC-803 cell inhibition rates of three different concentrations (32.5, 75 and 150 mg/ml) of ethanol extracts increased with the increase of concentration, which was 48.9% at a concentration of 150 mg/ml; aqueous extract of Folium Cordylines Fruticosae had very low inhibitory activity at a low concentration (32.5 mg/ml), which was remained at about 20%. After being affected by two types of extracts, cells had uneven sizes, with very low brightness, while the normal cells presented a uniform full form, with high definition.
