摘要：
Inflammation and immunity play a major role in the development of hypertension, and a potential correlation between host mucosal immunity and inflammatory response regulation. We explored the changes of intestinal mucosal microbiota in hypertensive rats induced by high-salt diet and the potential link between the intestinal mucosal microbiota and inflammation in rats. Therefore, we used PacBio (Pacific Bioscience) SMRT sequencing technology to determine the structure of intestinal mucosal microbiota, used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determined the proinflammatory cytokines and hormones associated with hypertension in serum, and used histopathology methods to observe the kidney and vascular structure. We performed a potential association analysis between intestinal mucosal characteristic bacteria and significantly different blood cytokines in hypertensive rats induced by high-salt. The results showed that the kidney and vascular structures of hypertensive rats induced by high salt were damaged, the serum concentration of necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), angiotensin II (AngII), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were significantly increased (p < 0.05), and the coefficient of immune organ spleen was significantly changed (p < 0.05), but there was no significant change in serum lipids (p > 0.05). From the perspective of gut microbiota, high-salt diet leads to significant changes in intestinal mucosal microbiota. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. and Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum were the dominant differential bacteria in intestinal mucosal, with the AUC (area under curve) value of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. and Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum were 1 and 0.875 according to ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis. Correlation analysis showed that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. was correlated with IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, and Ang II. Based on our results, we can speculated that high salt diet mediated chronic low-grade inflammation through inhibited the growth of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. in intestinal mucosa and caused end-organ damage, which leads to hypertension.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Many epidemiological studies have shown that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a risk factor for lung cancer (LC), but these studies do not provide direct evidence of a causal association between the two diseases. We investigated the causal association between IPF and different pathological types of LC based on the Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS: The genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of IPF and LC were obtained from the latest published articles, and instrumental variables (IVs) for analysis were obtained after screening and eliminating the confounders. MR Analysis was carried out with the help of random effects inverse variance weighting (re-IVW), MR-egger, and weighted median method, and a comprehensive sensitivity test was conducted. RESULTS: The results of re-IVW analysis showed that IPF may increase the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) (OR = 1.045, 95% CI 1.011 to 1.080, P = 0.008). In addition, no causal relationship was found between IPF and overall LC (OR = 0.977, 95% CI 0.933 to 1.023, P = 0.32), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) (OR = 0.967, 95% CI 0.903 to 1.036, P = 0.345) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) (OR = 1.081, 95% CI 0.992 to 1.177, P = 0.074). A comprehensive sensitivity analysis ensured the reliability of the study. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, from the perspective of genetic association, we found that IPF is an independent risk factor for LUSC and may increase the risk of LUSC, but no such causal relationship was found in LUAD and SCLC.
摘要：
Abstract: In this study, soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) were extracted from rape bee pollen using four methods including acid extraction (AC), alkali extraction (AL), cellulase extraction (CL) and complex enzyme extraction (CE). The effects of different extraction methods on the structure of SDFs and in vitro fermentation characteristics were further investigated. The results showed that the four extraction methods significantly affected the monosaccharide composition molar ratio, molecular weight, surface microstructure and phenolic compounds content, but showed little effect on the typical functional groups and crystal structure. In addition, all SDFs decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio, promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium, inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella, and increased the total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations by 1.63–2.45 times, suggesting that the bee pollen SDFs had a positive regulation on gut microbiota. Notably, the SDF obtained by CE exhibited the largest molecular weight, a relatively loose structure, higher extraction yield and phenolic compounds content and the highest SCFA concentration. Overall, our results indicated that CE was an appropriate extraction method of high-quality bee pollen SDF. Keywords: bee pollen; soluble dietary fiber; extraction methods; structure; in vitro fermentation characteristics
期刊：
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology,2023年75(6):784-805 ISSN：0022-3573
通讯作者：
Xili Zhang
作者机构：
[Zhang, Xili; Zhao, Jing; Liu, Wenlong; Li, Shixiong] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Dept Pharm, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Hou, Manting; Zhao, Jing; Li, Hui; Bai, Zhaofang; Ding, Kaixin] Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp, Med Ctr 5, Dept Hepatol, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Hou, Manting; Zhao, Jing; Li, Hui; Bai, Zhaofang; Ding, Kaixin] Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp, Med Ctr 5, China Mil Inst Chinese Mat, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xili Zhang] D;Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine , Changsha , China
关键词：
Jie Geng Tang;cisplatin;Nrf2;lung cancer
摘要：
OBJECTIVES: Jie Geng Tang (JGT) is an ancient traditional Chinese herbal decoction that exhibits various pharmacological activities, however, is poorly understood in the sensitivity of lung cancer to chemotherapy. Here, we explored the effect of JGT on sensitizing cisplatin (DDP)-resistant A549 cells (A549/DDP). METHODS: Cell viability was assessed using cell counting kit-8 assay. Flow cytometry was applied to detected cell apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were performed to determine protein and mRNA levels. KEY FINDINGS: The results demonstrated that DDP co-treatment with JGT significantly increased the cytotoxicity of A549/DDP cells and exhibited efficacy in suppressing the migration and proliferation. The rate of apoptosis was increased by co-treatment with DDP and JGT, along with a higher rate of Bax/Bcl-2, and increased loss of MMP. Furthermore, the combination promoted ROS accumulation and increased γ-H2AX levels. Moreover, Nrf2 levels were suppressed in a dose- and time-dependent manner, Nrf2 stability was reduced following treatment with JGT. Notably, the combination induced inhibition of the Nrf2/ARE pathway at the mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these results indicate that co-treatment with JGT and DDP can be considered a combinational approach to treating DDP resistance.
摘要：
MiR-451a is a biomolecule tightly related to resistance development during treatment with selective estrogen-receptor modulators for breast cancer. Accurately and sensitively monitoring its level in cells is of great significance for the drug selection and the evaluation of this cancer. However, the commonly obtainable ssDNA probe cannot efficiently enter the cell to sensitively emit reliable signals by avoiding nuclease digestion. Herein, a sensing system is reported to monitor miR-451a in living cells with high specificity and sensitivity. The system consisted of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), duplex-specific nuclease (DSN), and a fluorescence-labeled ssDNA nanoprobe. The fluorescence probe on the rGO surface provided an ultra-low background and resistance to endonuclease digestion. Duplex-specific nuclease sequentially triggered the hybridization cycle and the cleavage of ssDNA nanoprobe. The signal amplification provided a detection limit of 1 fM miR-451a using the optimal conditions with a linear range from 1 fM to 100 nM. Finally, the developed method was used to determine miR-451a in breast cancer tissue. This strategy provides a promising tool for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of miR-451a related cancer.
摘要：
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR), the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. or Paeonia veitchii Lynch, has been widely used to promote blood circulation and eliminate blood stasis in Chinese clinical practice, but its effect on cerebral ischemia is still rarely reported. AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study aimed to assess the potential therapeutic possibilities of the extract of PRR (PRRE) on cerebral ischemia, further exploring the underlying mechanism, and preliminary screening of the corresponding active components. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The neuroprotective effects of PRRE in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) injury and mouse hippocampal neuronal cells (HT22cell line) following oxidative stress were confirmed. The mechanism was investigated using immunohistochemical staining, western blotting, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunofluorescence. The active components of PRRE were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and molecular docking. RESULTS: The in vivo study showed that PRRE reduced infarct volume and improved neurological deficits in rats, and the expression of GPX4, FTH1, Beclin1, LC3 II, and p-Akt was upregulated in the rat hippocampi. In addition, the vitro research indicated that PRRE can also alleviate H(2)O(2)-induced HT22cell damage by regulating cytokines such as malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the expressions of GPX4 and Beclin1 were observed to be elevated. The PI3K/Akt signalling pathway was inhibited by LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Furthermore, the effective components of PRRE in regulating ferroptosis and autophagy are mainly defined as albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoyl paeoniflorin, oleanolic acid, and hederagenin. CONCLUSION: PRRE exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischaemic injury by inhibiting ferroptosis and activating autophagy through the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. This study provides an experimental basis for the potential application of PRRE as a novel therapeutic drug, and PI3K/Akt-associated ferroptosis and autophagy as therapeutic targets for cerebral ischemia.
期刊：
International Immunopharmacology,2023年116:109781 ISSN：1567-5769
通讯作者：
Chu, Shi-Feng;Chen, Nai-Hong
作者机构：
[Ai, Qi-di; Chen, Nai-hong; Lin, Yu-ting; Yang, Yan-tao; Chen, Hao-dong] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Pharm, Hunan Engn Technol Ctr Standardizat & Funct Chines, Changsha 410208, Peoples R China.;[Ai, Qi-di; Chen, Nai-hong; Lin, Yu-ting; Yang, Yan-tao; Chen, Hao-dong] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Pharm, Changsha 410208, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Nai-hong; Zhang, Zhao; Chu, Shi-feng] Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Mat Med, State Key Lab Bioact Subst & Funct Nat Med, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Nai-hong; Zhang, Zhao; Chu, Shi-feng] Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll, Neurosci Ctr, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, Nai-Hong; Chu, Shi-Feng] S;State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medical & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address:;State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medical & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
Chemokines, as small molecular proteins, play a crucial role in the immune and inflammatory responses after stroke. A large amount of evidence showed chemokines and their receptors were increasingly recognized as potential targets for stroke treatment, which were involved in the processing of neovascularization, neurogenesis, and neural network reconstruction. In this review, we summarized the characteristics of chemokine alterations throughout the post-stroke nerve repair phase to gain insight into the pathological mechanisms of chemokines and find effective therapeutic targets for stroke.
摘要：
The gut microbiota and their metabolites may participate in the development of diarrhea by regulating the expression of inflammatory factors. Therefore, the study concludes that the pathogenesis of diarrhea mainly depends on the following pathways: 1) gut contents microbiota disorder; 2) abnormal lipid metabolism; 3) inflammation; 4) metabolite‐SCFAs reduction; 5) brain‐gut peptide dysfunction. Scope Preliminary research finds that a high‐fat diet (HFD) in a fatigued state triggers diarrhea, but the exact mechanism has not been clarified. To address concerns about the pathogenesis of diarrhea, the study evaluates the composition and metabolomics of the gut microbiota. Methods and results The study uses the multiple platform apparatus device to induce fatigue in mice, combined with intragastric administration of lard‐caused diarrhea. Subsequently, the characteristics and interaction relationship of gut microbiota, short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), inflammatory biomarkers, brain‐gut peptides, and lipid metabolism are analyzed at the end of the experiment. HFD in a fatigued state results in a significant increase in interleukin‐17, interleukin‐6, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, and malondialdehyde content in mice (p < 0.05), along with a substantial decrease in high‐density lipoprotein (p < 0.05). Additionally, an HFD in a fatigued state causes changes in the structure and composition of the gut microbiota, with Lactobacillus murinus as its characteristic bacteria, and reduces the production of SCFAs. Conclusions An HFD in a fatigued state triggers diarrhea, possibly associated with gut content microbiota dysbiosis, SCFAs deprivation, increased inflammation, and dysregulated lipid metabolism.
期刊：
Arabian Journal of Chemistry,2023年16(1):104441 ISSN：1878-5352
通讯作者：
Yuqing Jian<&wdkj&>Wei Wang
作者机构：
[Xie, Qingling; Yang, Yupei; Sheng, Wenbing; Wang, Wei; Wu, Qian; Liu, Leping; Wang, Bin; Jian, Yuqing; Wu, Jia; Chen, Zhuliang; Qiu, Yixing; Yu, Huanghe; Yang, Yong] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Innovat Mat Med Res Inst, Sch Pharm, TCM & Ethnomed Innovat & Dev Int Lab, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yuqing Jian; Wei Wang] T;TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, People’s Republic of China<&wdkj&>TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, People’s Republic of China
摘要：
Fourteen previously unreported 3,4-seco-dammarane triterpenoids named Qingqianliusus A-N (1-14), along with four known 3,4-seco-dammarane triterpenoid derivatives (15-18) were isolated from the 95 % ethanol extract of the Cyclocarya paliurus leaves. Compounds 1 and 2 possess a rare 3,11-heptacyclic lactone as natural product, and several pairs of the 3,4-secodammarane triterpenoid epimers with R/S configuration at C-24 were investigated and determined in detail for the first time. Compounds 8, 11, and 14 showed good a-glucosidase inhibitory effects with IC50 values of 4.97 +/- 0.63, 7.08 +/- 0.53, and 3.76 +/- 0.77 lM, respectively. Meanwhile, compound 11 was also found potent inhibition rate of 35.83 % against COX-2, as compared with the positive control celecoxib (70.28 %). In addition, compounds 3, 7, 10, and 13 exhibited outstanding cytotoxicities against human gastric cancer cell lines (BGC-823) with IC50 values of 7.69 +/- 0.21, 8.47 +/- 0.41, 9.04 +/- 0.61, and 8.86 +/- 0.38 lM, respectively. Compounds 13 and 3 had modest activities on human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) with IC50 values of 8.80 +/- 0.36 and 9.45 +/- 0.93 lM, respectively. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
期刊：
Journal of Liposome Research,2023年33(3):283-299 ISSN：0898-2104
通讯作者：
Lili Zhou<&wdkj&>Xinhua Xia
作者机构：
[Xia, Xinhua; Xu, Yilin; Lin, Peng; Zhou, Lili; Zou, Manshu] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Xia, Xinhua; Zhou, Lili] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Changsha 410208, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Lili Zhou; Xinhua Xia] S;School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
摘要：
In this study, cantharidin(CTD), a bioactive terpenoid in traditional Chinese medicine cantharidin, was selected as a model component to construct novel nano liposome delivery systems for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Previous studies have shown that although cantharidin has definite curative effects on primary liver cancer, it is associated with numerous toxic and side effects. Therefore, based on the glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) binding site and the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) on the hepatocyte membrane, the surface of CTD liposomes was modified with stearyl alcohol galactoside (SA-Gal) or/and the newly synthesized 3-succinic-30-stearyl deoxyglycyrrhetinic acid (11-DGA-Suc) ligands, and the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, invivo and invitro anti-liver tumor activity and its mechanism of modified liposomes were investigated. Compared to CTD-lip, SA-Gal-CTD-lip, and 11-DGA-Suc + SA-Gal-CTD-lip, 11-DGA-Suc-CTD-lip showed stronger cytotoxicity and increased inhibition of HepG2 cell migration had the highest apoptosis rate. The cell cycle results indicated that HepG2 cells was arrested mainly at G0/G1phase and G2/M phase. The results of invivo pharmacokinetic experiments revealed that the distribution of modified liposomes in the liver was significantly increased compared with that of unmodified liposome. In vivo tumor inhibition experiment showed that 11-DGA-Suc-CTD-lip had excellent tumor inhibition, and the tumor inhibition rates was 80.96%. The 11-DGA-Suc-CTD-lip group also displayed the strongest proliferation inhibition with the lowest proliferation index of 7% in PCNA assay and the highest apoptotic index of 49% in TUNEL assay. Taken together, our findings provide a promising solution for improving the targeting of nano liposomes and further demonstrates the encouraging potential of poor solubility and high toxicity drugs applicable to tumor therapy.
摘要：
CONTEXT: Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is extracted from vine tea, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with anti-cancer, liver protection, and cholesterol-lowering effects. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the mechanism of DMY against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Potential DMY, HCC, and cholesterol targets were collected from relevant databases. PPI networks were created by STRING. Then, the hub genes of co-targets, screened using CytoHubba. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment, were performed by Metascape. Based on the above results, a series of invitro experiments were conducted by using 40-160 μM DMY for 24 h, including transwell migration/invasion assay, western blotting, and Bodipy stain assay. RESULTS: Network pharmacology identified 98 common targets and 10 hub genes of DMY, HCC, and cholesterol, and revealed that the anti-HCC effect of DMY may be related to the positive regulation of lipid rafts. Further experiments confirmed that DMY inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells and reduces their cholesterol levels invitro. The IC(50) is 894.4, 814.4, 467.8, 1,878.8, 151.8, and 156.9 μM for 97H, Hep3B, Sk-Hep1, SMMC-7721, HepG2, and Huh7 cells, respectively. In addition, DMY downregulates the expression of lipid raft markers (CAV1, FLOT1), as well as EGFR, PI3K, Akt, STAT3, and Erk. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The present study reveals that DMY suppresses EGFR and its downstream pathways by reducing cholesterol to disrupt lipid rafts, thereby inhibiting HCC, which provides a promising candidate drug with low toxicity for the treatment of HCC.
摘要：
Lipid metabolism disorders are pivotal in the development of various lipid-related diseases, such as obesity, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Celastrol, a bioactive compound extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has recently demonstrated potent lipid-regulating abilities and promising therapeutic effects for lipid-related diseases. There is substantial evidence indicating that celastrol can ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders by regulating lipid profiles and related metabolic processes, including lipid synthesis, catabolism, absorption, transport, and peroxidation. Even wild-type mice show augmented lipid metabolism after treatment with celastrol. This review aims to provide an overview of recent advancements in the lipid-regulating properties of celastrol, as well as to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. Besides, potential strategies for targeted drug delivery and combination therapy are proposed to enhance the lipid-regulating effects of celastrol and avoid the limitations of its clinical application.
期刊：
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,2023年12:1944 ISSN：2235-2988
作者机构：
[Li, Xiaoya; Qiao, Bo; Tan, Zhoujin] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Chinese Med, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Maijiao; Hui, Huaying] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Pharm, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Intestinal mucosal microbiota;Improper Diet;High Humidity and Temperature Environment;Chinese Dampness-Heat Syndrom Diarrhea;Metabolism
摘要：
BackgroundEnvironment, diet, and emotion may trigger diarrhea, but the mechanism is unclear. Dietary habits or environmental factors affect the composition of gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate the effects of improper diet combined with high humidity and temperature (HTH) environment on the intestinal mucosal microbiota. Materials and methodsKunming mice were randomly assigned to two equal groups of five mice, namely the control (ccm) group and the model (cmm) group. Diarrhea mice with dampness-heat (DSH) were established by improper diet combined with HTH environments. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to analyze the characteristics of intestinal mucosal microbiota and the interaction relationship of function. ResultsOur study shows that the intestinal mucosal microbiota of mice changed significantly after an improper diet combined with the HTH environments. The abundance of Fusobacteria and Haemophilus increased dramatically in the cmm group compared to the ccm group (P<0.05). And the abundance of Firmicutes, Lactobacillus, and Lonsdalea was significantly decreased in the cmm group (P<0.05). According to the functional predictive analysis, we found that Lactobacillus showed a significant negative correlation with Protein export, Homologous recombination, Phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan biosynthesis, Citrate cycle, and Lipoic acid metabolism. ConclusionDiarrhea with DSH constructed under improper diet and HTH environment may be related to Lactobacillus and Haemophilus. And long-term consumption of improper diet and the HTH environment may affect metabolism.
摘要：
The rate of flavor release in the mouth from traditional dry-cured pork was evaluated in this study. It was hypothesized that a slow steady release of fl avor would occur on chewing and hydration. To test this, high salt dry-cured pork was chewed and held in oral cavity without swallowing for 4 different chewing stages (B, NC30, C30, EC). Saliva and food bolus from 16 healthy subjects were collected during oral processing, and analyzed for saliva flow rate, total saliva protein content, saliva pH, conductivity, saliva and sodium, and taste components. Results show that oral processing behavior and salivary release have important effects on flavor release of dry-cured pork. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis showed that oral processing has a certain effect on the protein composition and concentration in saliva. This study suggests that the interaction between food and saliva that accompanies chewing can lead to significant changes in sensory perception during oral processing.(c) 2023 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
摘要：
Background: Liuwei Dihuang pills contain quercetin, which has been found to alleviate postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) progression. This study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin on the intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolism in Methods: The Sprague Dawley female rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5): sham, ovariectomized (OVX), quercetin-low dose (50 mg/kg/d), and quercetin-high dose (100 mg/kg/d). The optimal dose group (quercetin-high dose group) was used as the quercetin group for follow-up experiments. The histopathological changes in the tibia of rats were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining. The composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota were determined using 16S rRNA sequencing, while metabolite levels were assessed using metabolomics. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between microbiota abundance and metabolite levels. Results: The administration of quercetin helped to prevent the degradation of the collagen fiber layer on the surface and the formation of fibrosis of femur tissue caused by OVX. Additionally, treatment with quercetin significantly increased species abundance and evenness in the OVX group. In contrast to the OVX group, quercetin treatment increased Muribaculaceae abundance and decreased the Clostridium sensu stricto 1 abundance. Major differential metabolites, such as pregnenolone, 3-aminobutyric acid, 2-aminoisobutyrate, N-methyl-L-alanine, and aminoisobutanoate, were found between the OVX and quercetin groups. Correlations between the abundance of Muribaculaceae and Clostridia UCG 014 and the major differential metabolites were found, respectively. Furthermore, the amino acid metabolic pathways were found to be the primary pathway for intestinal microbiota. Conclusions: The active ingredient quercetin regulates intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolism, helping to alleviate the symptoms of PMOP in rats.
作者：
Huang, Yalan;Zhang, Yanling;Wu, Yongjun;Xiang, Qin;Yu, Rong
期刊：
Drug Design, Development and Therapy,2023年17:237-260 ISSN：1177-8881
通讯作者：
Yu, R.;Xiang, Q.
作者机构：
[Huang, Yalan; Yu, Rong] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Grad Sch, Changsha 410208, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Yalan] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp 1, Changsha 410021, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yanling] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Coll Tradit Chinese Med, Changsha 410208, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yanling] Ningxia Med Univ, Gen Hosp, Ningxia 750003, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Yongjun] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Coll Pharm, Changsha 410208, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Qin Xiang] S;[Rong Yu] G;Science and Technology Department, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China<&wdkj&>Graduate School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
关键词：
apoptosis;diabetic cardiomyopathy;network pharmacology;pharmacochemistry;PI3K/Akt pathway;Zuogui Jiangtang Shuxin formula
作者机构：
[Fan, Bei; Jin, Nuo; Wang, Feng-Zhong; Liu, Jia-Meng; Fan, B; Lu, Cong; Sun, Jing; Wang, FZ; Sun, Yu-Feng; Li, Shu-Ying; Wang, Shan-Shan] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, China Inst Food Sci & Technol, Key Lab Agroprod Qual & Safety Control Storage & T, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Liang, Yan-Tian] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Coll Pharm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Fan, B; Wang, FZ ] C;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, China Inst Food Sci & Technol, Key Lab Agroprod Qual & Safety Control Storage & T, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Beijing, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The growth of endophytic bacteria is influenced by the host plants and their secondary metabolites and activities. In this study, P. megaterium P-NA14 and P. megaterium D-HT207 were isolated from potato tuber and dendrobium stem respectively. They were both identified as Priestia megaterium. The antimicrobial activities and metabolites of both strains were explored. For antimicrobial activities, results showed that P. megaterium P-NA14 exhibited a stronger inhibition effect on the pathogen of dendrobium, while P. megaterium D-HT207 exhibited a stronger inhibition effect on the pathogen of potato. The supernatant of P. megaterium P-NA14 showed an inhibition effect only on Staphylococcus aureus, while the sediment of P. megaterium D-HT207 showed an inhibition effect only on Escherichia coli. For metabolomic analysis, the content of L-phenylalanine in P. megaterium P-NA14 was higher than that of P. megaterium D-HT207, and several key downstream metabolites of L-phenylalanine were associated with inhibition of S. aureus including tyrosine, capsaicin, etc. Therefore, we speculated that the different antimicrobial activities between P. megaterium P-NA14 and P. megaterium D-HT207 were possibly related to the content of L-phenylalanine and its metabolites. This study preliminarily explored why the same strains isolated from different hosts exhibit different activities from the perspective of metabolomics.
摘要：
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Eleutherococcus nodiflorus (Dunn) S.Y.Hu (Araliaceae), also called Eleutherococcus gracilistylus, Acanthopanax gracilistylus, and Xi-zhu-wu-jia (Wujiapi or Nan Wujiapi) in Chinese, is a widely used traditional Chinese herb with the effects of dispelling pathogenic wind and eliminating dampness, nourishing liver and kidney, diuresis and detumescence, promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis, and strengthening the bones and tendons according to the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). It has been used as medicine for the treatment of paralysis, arthritis, rheumatism, lameness, body asthenia, fatigue, edema, beriberi, and liver diseases. Meanwhile, E. nodiflorus (EN, thereafter) has ginseng-like activities known as "ginseng-like herb". AIMS OF THE REVIEW: This review aims to present comprehensive information for the research progress of EN, including taxonomic position, botany, traditional usages, phytochemistry, pharmaceutical analysis, pharmacology and toxicology. Among them, phytochemical and pharmacological studies are mainly focused. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Relevant literature was acquired from scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, SciFinder and Chinese national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI). Monographs and Chinese pharmacopeia were also utilized as references. RESULTS: In the past decade, a great number of phytochemical and pharmaceutical analyses, as well as pharmacological studies on EN have been carried out. Several kinds of chemical compositions have been reported, including essential oil, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, phenylpropanoids, lignans, caffeoyl quinic acids, flavonoids, steroids, fatty acids, ceramides as well as other compounds, among which, diterpenes and triterpenes were considered to be the most active components. The fingerprint chromatography, qualitative and quantitative analysis were used for the methods of quality control of EN. Considerable pharmacological experiments in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated that EN possessed hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-ageing, anti-fatigue, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-AChE, anti-BuChE, anti-hyaluronidase, and antiobesity activities. CONCLUSIONS: As an important TCM, a large number of investigations have proved that EN and terpenoids isolated from EN have markedly therapeutic efficacy on diabetes, inflammation, and cancer disorders. These research findings provide modern scientific evidence for the traditional uses of EN. Moreover, more novel and active secondary metabolites from EN, as well as the in vivo and clinical in-depth tests are required in the future.
作者机构：
[Wei, Xuan; Mei, Zhigang; Ge, Jinwen; Huang, Guangshan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Integrated Tradit Chinese Med & Western Med, Key Lab Hunan Prov Integrated Tradit Chinese & Wes, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jiyong] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Hunan Prov Key Lab Tradit Chinese Med Diagnost, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Wenli; Zhang, WL] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Mei, Zhigang] China Three Gorges Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Grade Pharmacol Lab Chinese Med Approved State Adm, Yichang 443002, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Mei, ZG ; Zhang, WL ] H;Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Coll Integrated Tradit Chinese Med & Western Med, Key Lab Hunan Prov Integrated Tradit Chinese & Wes, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Alzheimer's disease;Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;Central nervous system diseases;Cerebral ischemia;Dementia;Epilepsy;Parkinson’s disease;Stroke
摘要：
In this paper, a kind of superabsorbent resin (SAR) with superior quality for hygiene products was developed using Fructus Aurantii Immaturus pectin (FAIP) from Citrus aurantium L.. FAIP-g-AM/AMPS SAR was established by free radical graft co-polymerization with FAIP as skeleton structure, N, N'-Methylene-bis (acrylamide) (MBA) as the cross-linker. Meanwhile, the functional monomers of acrylamide (AM) and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) were introduced. The structure and morphology of FAIP-g-AM/AMPS were characterized by FTIR, (13)C NMR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC analysis. The results confirmed that the AFIP-g-AM/AMPS SAR was successfully prepared, which exhibited a three-dimensional (3D) network structure and an excellent thermal stability. The absorption and retention capacity of FAIP-g-AM/AMPS was comparable to or even better than commercial diapers and sanitary napkins. Significantly, FAIP-g-AM/AMPS itself exhibited excellent antibacterial and safety. FAIP-g-AM/AMPS has an inhibition ratio of 97.1% for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and 98.5% for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and was non-irritating and non-allergic to the skin. In addition, FAIP-g-AM/AMPS presented amazing biodegradability and a weight loss reached 37.1% after 30days by soil burial test. The research provides a safe and high-performance SAR, which expected to be used in hygiene products such as baby diapers, adult incontinence pads and sanitary napkins.
