摘要：
Aim of the study: The inhibitive effect of BuYang HuanWu Decoction (BYHWD) and its major components on vascular intimal hyperplasia and the expressions of cell cycle protein and extracellular matrix protein. Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, control, alkaloid, glycoside, BYHWD and atorvastatin groups. Rat aorta intima in all groups were injured by insesion of domestic balloon catheter into the aortae except sham-operated rats. Drugs were administrated orally from the second day after vascular injury and continued for 14 days. The injured segments of aortae were collected on the sixteenth day after operation to observe the morphological changes of vascular structure and to examine the expressions of proteins in vascular cells associated with cell cycle including proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), cyclinD(1) and cyclinE, and extracellular matrix(ECM) proteins including collagen I (Col-1) and fibronectin (FN), further to discover the involved biologically active substances and the potential mechanisms. Results: Alkaloid and glycosid isolated from BYHWD were more effective than BYHVVD in the inhibition of intimal hyperplasia and the expressions of PCNA, cyclinD(1), cychnE, Col-I and FN, suggesting that alkaloid and glycoside may be the main components of BYHWD responsible for the observed inhibition of excessive hyperplasia of vascular intima. Conclusions: The mechanism associated with the anti-hyperplasia activity of BYHVVD and its effective components may be related to the blockage of cell cycles of VSMC, and the inhibition of the ECM protein synthesis, even the increased degradation of ECM proteins. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
作者：
Li Ying;Liang Fanrong;Yang Xuguang;Tian Xiaoping;Yan Jie;...
期刊：
HEADACHE,2009年49(6):805-816 ISSN：0017-8748
通讯作者：
Li, Y
作者机构：
[Li Ying; Liang Fanrong; Yang Xuguang; Tian Xiaoping; Tang Yong; Ma Tingting] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Yan Jie; Chang Xiaorong; Lan Lei; Yao Wen] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Sun Guojie; Zhou Li; Zou Ran] Hubei Coll Tradit Chinese Med, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Y ] ;37 Shi Er Qiao Rd, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
acupuncture therapy;acute migraine;acupuncture points;sham;acupuncture;traditional Chinese medicine
作者机构：
[Zheng, Hui; Tian, Xiao-ping; Li, Ying; Liang, Fan-rong; Yu, Shu-guang; Liu, Xu-guang; Tang, Yong; Yang, Xu-guang; Ma, Ting-ting] Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Jie; Chang, Xiao-rong; Yu, Shu-yuan] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Guo-jie] Hubei Coll Tradit Chinese Med, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Hong-xing] 1 People Hosp Wuhan City, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liang, FR ] ;Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Functional Dyspepsia;Acupuncture Treatment;Acupuncture Group;Specific Acupoint;Transcutaneous Electric Acupoint Stimulation
摘要：
Acupuncture is widely used in China to treat functional dyspepsia (FD). However, its effectiveness in the treatment of FD, and whether FD-specific acupoints exist, are controversial. So this study aims to determine if acupuncture is an effective treatment for FD and if acupoint specificity exists according to traditional acupuncture meridians and acupoint theories. This multicenter randomized controlled trial will include four acupoint treatment groups, one non-acupoint control group and one drug (positive control) group. The four acupoint treatment groups will focus on: (1) specific acupoints of the stomach meridian; (2) non-specific acupoints of the stomach meridian; (3) specific acupoints of alarm and transport points; and (4) acupoints of the gallbladder meridian. These four groups of acupoints are thought to differ in terms of clinical efficacy, according to traditional acupuncture meridians and acupoint theories. A total of 120 FD patients will be included in each group. Each patient will receive 20 sessions of acupuncture treatment over 4 weeks. The trial will be conducted in eight hospitals located in three centers of China. The primary outcomes in this trial will include differences in Nepean Dyspepsia Index scores and differences in the Symptom Index of Dyspepsia before randomization, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after randomization, and 1 month and 3 months after completing treatment. The important features of this trial include the randomization procedures (controlled by a central randomization system), a standardized protocol of acupuncture manipulation, and the fact that this is the first multicenter randomized trial of FD and acupuncture to be performed in China. The results of this trial will determine whether acupuncture is an effective treatment for FD and whether using different acupoints or different meridians leads to differences in clinical efficacy. Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT00599677.
摘要：
This study was aimed at procuring directly and identifying the bacteria which had been found in paraffin-embedded liver tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. In our previous studies, Helicobacter spp. had been detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and observed by histology in the liver tissues of HCC patients but had never been cultured successfully. To obtain and identify the uncultured bacteria, laser microdissection and pressure catapulting (LMPC) techniques were applied. Following microdissection from the liver tissue sections, these bacteria were examined by PCR using Helicobacter genus-specific 16S rRNA primers and sequence analysis. Amplified products of 16S rRNA were positive in all six microdissected samples with bacteria, and showed 99%-100% similarity with Helicobacter pylori by sequence analysis. Another H. pylori-specific 26 kDa gene (encoding one 26 kDa protein as H. pylori-specific antigen) was also tested by PCR. Four of six samples were positive. Therefore, Helicobacter spp. detected by PCR in the liver tissues of HCC patients in our previous studies are actually the bacteria observed by histology and identified as H. pylori by further sequence analysis. The laser-assisted microdissection technique can be extensively applied for identification of bacteria in tissue samples in bacteriology research.
摘要：
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), a Chinese prescription that has been used for hundreds of years to treat paralysis, has gained attention recently due to its significant neuroprotective properties. Aim of the study: This study was to investigate whether BYHWD treatment protected axotomized rubrospinal neurons (RN) following spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Materials and methods: Adult rats received a right lateral funiculus transection at the level between C3 and C4, and were either treated with BYHWD or with distilled water (DW) via gastrogavage. Effects on RN viability and atrophy were determined by Nissl staining, axon regeneration was examined by biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) tracing techniques and functional recovery was studied by a test of forelimb usage during spontaneous vertical exploration. Results: RN cell number and mean somal size were 20% and 29% higher, respectively, in BYHWD-treated rats relative to DW-treated rats. There were a small number of BDA-labeled axons in the caudal of injury site in BYHWD-treated rats, whereas no caudal axonal regeneration was detected in DW-treated rats. BYHWD-treated rats used the injured forelimb more often than rats treated with DW. Conclusions: These results indicate that administration of BYHWD following SCI protects injured neurons, promotes regeneration, and enhances functional recovery. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Huang Guo-Dong] Nanchang Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Integrat Med, Nanchang, Peoples R China.;[Li Jia-Bang] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Changsha 410008, Peoples R China.;[Xiao Mei-Zhen; Huang Dao-Fu; Huang Yuan-Hua] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Hengyang Hosp, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu Juan] Changsha Med Coll, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li Jia-Bang] C;Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Changsha 410008, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Gastritis;Helicobacter pylori;Platelet activating factor mastocarcinoma-related peptide;Volatile oil of amomum
摘要：
Objective： To observe the effect of volatile oil of amomum （VOA） on the expressions of mastocarcinoma-related peptide （PS2） and platelet activating factor （PAF） in helicobacter pylori- associated gastritis （HPG） and to analyze its potential mechanism. Methods： Eighty patients with HPG were randomly assigned to two groups, 42 patients in the treated group treated with 0.5 mL VOA, thrice per day; and the 38 patients in the control group receiving Western tertiary medicinal treatment. Gastroscopic picture and helicobacter pylori （HP） infection （by quick urease and Warthin- Starry stain） of the gastro-membrane, expressions of PS2 and PAF （by immunohistochemical assay and Western blotting） as well as the contents of aminohexose and phospholipid （by Neuhaus method） in the gastric membrane of all patients were detected before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. The clinical efficacy in the two groups was compared. Results： The total effective rate in the treated group was 88.1%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group （78.9%, P〈0.05）. After treatment, in the treated group, gastric membranous contents of aminohexose and phospholipid was increased, expression of PS2 elevated but that of PAF lowered, all showing significant difference as compared with those in the control group （P〈0.01）. In the control group, the expressions of PS2 and PAF changed insignificantly. The radical eliminating rate of HP in the treated group and the control group was insignificantly different between them （76.1% vs. 65.8%, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The mechanism of VOA for anti-gastritis might be related with its action in increasing the expression of PS2 and decreasing the expression of PAF, and thus regulating the hydrophobicity of the gastric membrane.
关键词：
Adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2);Aspartate-glutamate carrier (AGC);Citrin;Malate-aspartate shuttle;Neonatal intrahepatic cholestatic hepatitis (NICCD);Retrotransposal insertion;SLC25A13
摘要：
Deficiency of citrin, liver-type mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carrier, is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the SLC25A13 gene on chromosome 7q21.3 and has two phenotypes: neonatal intrahepatic cholestatic hepatitis (NICCD) and adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2). So far, we have described 19 SLC25A13 mutations. Here, we report 13 novel SLC25A13 mutations (one insertion, two deletion, three splice site, two nonsense, and five missense) in patients with citrin deficiency from Japan, Israel, UK, and Czech Republic. Only R360X was detected in both Japanese and Caucasian. IVS16ins3kb identified in a Japanese CTLN2 family seems to be a retrotransposal insertion, as the inserted sequence (2,667-nt) showed an antisense strand of processed complementary DNA (cDNA) from a gene on chromosome 6 (C6orf68), and the repetitive sequence (17-nt) derived from SLC25A13 was found at both ends of the insert. All together, 30 different mutations found in 334 Japanese, 47 Chinese, 11 Korean, four Vietnamese and seven non-East Asian families have been summarized. In Japan, IVS16ins3kb was relatively frequent in 22 families, in addition to known mutations IVS11 + 1G > A, 851del4, IVS13 + 1G > A, and S225X in 189, 173, 48 and 30 families, respectively; 851del4 and IVS16ins3kb were found in all East Asian patients tested, suggesting that these mutations may have occurred very early in some area of East Asia.
期刊：
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A,2008年112(2):305-311 ISSN：1089-5639
通讯作者：
Xiao, Xiaoming
作者机构：
[Rong, Chunying; Xiao, Xiaoming; Liu, Shubin; Huang, Ying] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410081, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Ying] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhong, Aiguo] Taizhou Coll, Dept Chem, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shubin] Univ N Carolina, Renaissance Comp Inst, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
通讯机构：
[Xiao, Xiaoming] H;Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410081, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Porphyrin and pincer complexes are both important categories of compounds in biological and catalytic systems. The idea to combine them is computationally investigated in this work. By employment of density functional theory (DFT), conceptual DFT, and time-dependent DFT approaches, structure, spectroscopy, and reactivity properties of porphyrin pincers are systematically studied for a selection of divalent metal ions. We found that the porphyrin pincers are structurally and spectroscopically different from their precursors and are more reactive in electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions. A few quantitative linear/exponential relationships have been discovered between bonding interactions, charge distributions, and DFT chemical reactivity indices. These results are implicative in chemical modification of hemoproteins and understanding chemical reactivity in heme-containing and other biologically important complexes and cofactors.
摘要：
The effectiveness of using acupuncture to treat migraine is rarely and even suspectedly reported in the literature. In this article, we report the design and the protocol of a randomized controlled large-scale trial to treat migraine using acupuncture, aiming at testifying it is effective to use acupuncture to treat migraine. We demonstrate also that the effectiveness of the treatment may vary due to using acupoints of different meridians or different acupoints of one meridian. A multi-center randomized controlled trial is currently undergoing, with three acupoints treatment groups and one non-acupoints control group. The acupuncture treatment consists of 20 sessions per patient with a observation period of 20 weeks. In total, 480 patients with Migraine are registered in this study within 8 hospitals in China from March 2008 to June 2009. These patients are randomly assigned to receive one of the following four acupoints treatment groups, i.e. 1) specific acupoints of Shaoyang meridians (120 patients), 2) non-specific acupoints of Shaoyang meridians (120 patients), 3) acupoints of other meridians (120 patients); or 4) non-acupoints control group (120 patients). The main outcome measurement in this trial is the effect comparison achieved among these four groups in terms of number of days with migraine and intensity of migraine during and after the baseline phase, i.e. the first 4 weeks before randomization and 4, 8 and 16 weeks after randomization. The intensity of headache including Headache intensity grade (0–3) and visual analogue scale (VAS) score will also be used in this study. In addition, the differences of Migraine-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (MSQ) and Transcranial Doppler Sonography (TCD) before and after randomization are also used as the secondary outcome measurement. The result of this trial (which will be available in 2009) will demonstrate the efficacy of using acupuncture to treat migraine, and verify whether the specific effect of acupoints exists and whether this specific effect of acupoints is related to meridian and a collection of meridian Qi. Clinical Trials.gov NCT00599586
摘要：
A novel alkaloid, hupcrispatine (1), has been isolated from the unique Chinese species Huperzia crispate Ching. The structure of hupcrispatine has been elucidated as 9-amino-6-methyl-3-quinolone on the basis of spectral evidence.
摘要：
The series piezoelectric quartz crystal (SPQC) sensing technique is a rapid and sensitive method for detection of microorganisms. In the present study, the detection device was composed of detecting system, signal generating system and data analyzing system. To magnify the amount of detection samples, eight independent SPQC sensors were parallel connected to form a muti-channel detecting unit. Electrodes were separated from the SPQC sensor and immersed into culture medium to detect the change of solution conductivity. The cell constant k was determined as 0.05 m, and the sensitivity interval of the device was from 550 to 600 μs. To maintain sensitivity of the SPQC sensor, a novel culture medium amino acid broth (AaB) was developed. It was nutrient with low conductivity and satisfied our detection device. For determining frequency detection time (FDT) expediently and accurately, FDT was defined afresh with fitting–differentiating method. Pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae were determined with an automated detecting device and the methods mentioned above. The calibration curves of FDT against density of bacteria showed a linear correlation coefficient (R ≥ 0.99) over the range of 10–106 cells ml−1. Detection results all fell inside the 95% confidence interval of a standard pour plate counting method. The reproducibility was also reviewed, and results showed that the device was stable and sensitive even after 180 days of employment.
作者机构：
[Song lan] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Sch Med, Dept Pathophysiol, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu Zhao-jun] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Cardiothorac Surg Affiliated Hosp 1, Changsha 41007, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang Cai-ping; Tian ying] Nanhua Univ, Coll Life Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Song, L ] ;Cent S Univ, Xiangya Sch Med, Dept Pathophysiol, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
fibroblast;adrenaline;bFGF;TGF-beta 1
摘要：
Adrenaline has been shown to modulate proliferation of mouse fibroblasts, adventitial fibroblasts and synovial B (fibroblasts-like) cells. However, little is known about the response of cultured human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts to adrenaline. In this study, we investigated cell proliferation and involved mechanisms in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in response to adrenaline. Population doubling time (PDT) assay and MTT assay were performed to determine the cell proliferation and cell viability, respectively. The expression of bFGF and TGF-beta 1 was measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that adrenaline inhibited proliferation of normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, adrenaline up-regulated the expression of bFGF and down-regulated the expression of TGF-beta 1 in normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. Interestingly incubation with the a receptor antagonist regitine indicated that adrenaline mediated inhibition of cell proliferation and regulation of TGF-beta 1 and bFGF in cultured normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were mediated by the a receptor. These studies suggest that adrenaline inhibits proliferation and alters the expression of TGF-beta 1 and bFGF in human hypertrophic scar fibroblast involving an a receptor mediated pathway.
作者：
Ma, N.;Liu, W. -Y.*;Li, H. -D.;Jiang, X. -Y.;Liu, W.;...
期刊：
Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,2008年30(3):215-220 ISSN：0379-0355
通讯作者：
Liu, W. -Y.
作者机构：
[Liu, W. -Y.; Ma, N.] China Pharmaceut Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Anal, Key Lab Drug Qual Control & Pharmacovigilance, Nanjing 210009, Peoples R China.;[Li, H. -D.; Zhang, B. -K.; Ma, N.; Xiang, D. -X.] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Clin Pharm & Pharmacol Inst, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, X. -Y.] Cent S Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.;[Liu, W.] Hunan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Deng, C. -F.; Liu, X.] Cent S Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, W. -Y.] C;China Pharmaceut Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Anal, Key Lab Drug Qual Control & Pharmacovigilance, Nanjing 210009, Peoples R China.
摘要：
(E)-3,5,4'-Trimethoxystilbene (BTM-0512), the analog of resveratrol, is potentially useful for the treatment of human diseases. This is the first study to use high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of the resveratrol analog in rat plasma. Plasma proteins (0.1 mL) were precipitated with acetonitrile after the addition of the internal standard chlorzoxazone. The analysis used a BDS HYPERSIL C,8 analytical column (5 mu m, 4.6 x 250 mm) with acetonitrile/water as the mobile phase. The UV-detection wavelength was 303 nm. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.025-10 mu g/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9958. This concentration range corresponds well with the plasma concentrations of BTM-0512 in pharmacokinetic studies. There was a recovery of 102.2%, 95.3% and 103.7% from 0.05, 5 and 10 mu g/mL plasma samples, respectively. The relative standard deviation of intra- and interday assay variations was all less than 13%. This HPLC assay is a quick, precise and reliable method for the analysis of BTM-0512 in pharmacokinetic studies. Copyright 2008 Prous Science, S.A.U. or its licensors. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Tian, D. F.; Liu, S. J.; He, Y. C.] Tradit Chinese Med Univ Hunan, Fac Integrat Med, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.;[Ling, C. Q.; Liu, S. J.] Changhai Hosp, Dept Tradit Chinese Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Y. M.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, L.] Huan Provincial Tumor Hosp, Dept Pathol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Sun, S. H.; He, Y.] Second Mil Med Univ, Dept Med Genet, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tian, D. F.] T;Tradit Chinese Med Univ Hunan, Fac Integrat Med, 113 Shaoshan Middle Rd, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Because the focus of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is very close to intracranial organs, it often makes incursions into cranial cavity. Identification of intracranial invasion-associated indicators will provide potential therapeutic targets for NPC patients with intracranial invasion. In this regard, Human Xpro(TM) HC-plus cancer-related gene chip was utilised to screen intracranial invasion-associated genes for NPC from the biopsied primary focus tissue samples. In all, 8 upregulated and 23 downregulated genes were obtained. VEGF165 and MMP-9, the two upregulated genes, and NM23-H1, the downregulated one, were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. Invasion-associated cellular and nude mouse models were subsequently employed to study the biological properties of NM23-H1. NM23-H1 expression was significantly lower in 5-8F cells compared with that in 6-10B cells. Moreover, patch-clamp and transwell chamber were adopted to investigate the invading potential-associated biological dynamic mechanisms in the two cell lines, and Ca2+ current and motility were significantly elevated in 5-8F cells compared with that in 6-10B cells. Berberine, an inhibitor of Ca2+ current, could substantially increase the expression of NM23-H1 and decrease 5-8F cell motility. The specificity of berberine on NM23-H1 and cell motility was confirmed by RNAi assay.
作者机构：
[Liu, Hao-Ran; Zeng, Chun-Jiao; Liu, Ying-Lin; Li, Yan-Lai] Hunan Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[He, Hai-Bo] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Chinese Herb Med, Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Xiang-Dong] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp 3, Dept Pharm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[He, Gui-Xia] Hunan Univ TCM, Coll Pharm, Dept Nat Pharmaceut Chem, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[He, Hai-Bo] Z;Zhejiang Univ, Inst Chinese Herb Med, Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Total saponin of Solanum lyratum Thunb (TSSLT), a species of natural biologically active substances isolated from Solanum lyratum Thunb, possesses various bioactivities. It has been proposed that the induction of apoptosis may be the basis of its antitumor activity. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the total saponin-induced apoptotic process remains unknown. In the present study, we describe the anti-proliferative effect of TSSLT on human cervical cancer cells (Hela). The TSSLT induced apoptosis of Hela in a time-dependent manner with an IC50 for cell viability of 6 μg/ml. The TSSLT-induced cell death was characterized by changes in cell morphology, DNA fragmentation, activation of caspase-like activities, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and release of cytochrome c (cyt c) into cytosol. TSSLT activated various caspases such as caspase-3, -8, and -9 (like) activities but not caspase-1 like activity. The cell death was completely prevented by the pan caspase inhibitor benzyloxy carbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp- fluoromethyl-ketone (Z-VAD-FMK). More than 80% cell survival was observed in the presence of a caspase-3 inhibitor. In addition, treatment with TSSLT induced the increase of Bax:Bcl-2 ratio in Hela cells. These results suggest that the induction of apoptosis by TSSLT involves multiple pathways antigen including death receptor and mitochondrial pathway and strongly suggest that the mitochondrial pathway was mediated by low expression of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax, release of cyt c and subsequent activation of caspase-3 followed by down stream events leading to apoptotic cell death.
