期刊：
Cell Death & Disease,2023年14(4):235 ISSN：2041-4889
通讯作者：
Cheng, Q.;Liu, G.
作者机构：
[Cheng, Yuan; Liu, Guodong; Zhang, Hao; Luo, Hong; Zhao, Guanjian; Xie, Zongyi; Tao, Yihao] Chongqing Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 2, Dept Neurosurg, Chongqing, Peoples R China.;[Mao, Jinning] Chongqing Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 2, Hlth management Ctr, Chongqing, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Hui] Brain Hosp Hunan Prov, Peoples Hosp Hunan Prov 2, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Hui] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Clin Med, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zhiwen] Fudan Univ, Sch Pharm, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cheng, Quan; Liu, Guodong] D;Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China<&wdkj&>Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
摘要：
Exosomes, the cell-derived small extracellular vehicles, play a vital role in intracellular communication by reciprocally transporting DNA, RNA, bioactive protein, chains of glucose, and metabolites. With great potential to be developed as targeted drug carriers, cancer vaccines and noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment response evaluation, prognosis prediction, exosomes show extensive advantages of relatively high drug loading capacity, adjustable therapeutic agents release, enhanced permeation and retention effect, striking biodegradability, excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, etc. With the rapid progression of basic exosome research, exosome-based therapeutics are gaining increasing attention in recent years. Glioma, the standard primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor, is still up against significant challenges as current traditional therapies of surgery resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy and numerous efforts into new drugs showed little clinical curative effect. The emerging immunotherapy strategy presents convincing results in many tumors and is driving researchers to exert its potential in glioma. As the crucial component of the glioma microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly contribute to the immunosuppressive microenvironment and strongly influence glioma progression via various signaling molecules, simultaneously providing new insight into therapeutic strategies. Exosomes would substantially assist the TAMs-centered treatment as drug delivery vehicles and liquid biopsy biomarkers. Here we review the current potential exosome-mediated immunotherapeutics targeting TAMs in glioma and conclude the recent investigation on the fundamental mechanisms of diversiform molecular signaling events by TAMs that promote glioma progression.
摘要：
Objective Paraquat (PQ) is a toxic compound that selectively accumulates in the lungs, inducing severe pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. However, data on the metabolomic changes induced by the PQ remain scant. This study aimed to determine the metabolic changes in Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to PQ using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Methods We established groups of PQ-induced pulmonary injury rats for 14 or 28 days. Results Our data showed that PQ decreased the survival of the rats and induced pulmonary inflammation at day 14 or pulmonary fibrosis at day 28. There was upregulation of IL-1 beta expression in the inflammation group as well as upregulation of fibronectin, collagen and alpha-SMA in the pulmonary fibrosis group. OPLS-DA revealed differential expression of 26 metabotites between the normal and the inflammation groups; 31 plasma metabotites were also differently expressed between the normal and the fibrosis groups. There was high expression of lysoPc160-, hydroxybutyrylcarnitine, stearic acid, and imidazolelactic acid in the pulmonary injury group compared to the normal group. Conclusion Metabolomics analysis confirmed that the PQ-induced lung injury was not only related to the aggravation of inflammation and apoptosis but also to mediated histidine, serine, glycerophospholipid, and lipid metabolism. This study gives insights into the mechanisms of PQ-induced lung injury and highlights the potential therapeutic targets. Nonstructured abstract The effect of PQ on lung injury in rats was detected by metabonomics, and the possible metabolic mechanism was investigated by KEGG analysis. OPLS-DA revealed the differential expression of 26 metabotites and 31 plasma metabotites between the normal and the pulmonary injury groups. Metabolomics analysis confirmed that the PQ-induced lung injury was not only related to the aggravation of inflammation and apoptosis but also to mediated histidine, serine, glycerophospholipid, and lipid metabolism. Oleoylethanolamine, stearic acid, and imidazolelactic acid are potential molecular markers in PQ-induced pulmonary injury.
期刊：
Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry,2022年2022 ISSN：2090-8865
通讯作者：
Wang, DS
作者机构：
[Wang, Wenbo; Wang, Dongsheng; Chen, Han] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Dept Integrated Tradit Chinese & Western Med, Changsha 410008, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Wenbo; Wang, Dongsheng; Chen, Han] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Natl Clin Res Ctr Geriatr Dis, Changsha 410008, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Shuangquan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp 2, Dept Gynecol, Changsha 410005, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Hao] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Clin Lab, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Ning] Changsha Social Work Coll, Changsha 410116, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, DS ] C;Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Dept Integrated Tradit Chinese & Western Med, Changsha 410008, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Natl Clin Res Ctr Geriatr Dis, Changsha 410008, Peoples R China.
摘要：
A rapid, accurate, and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of 10 main components, namely puerarin, daidzin, coptisine, epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, berberine, palmatine, coumarin, daidzein, and cinnamic acid in Ge-Gen-Jiao-Tai-Wan, was developed based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Analysis was performed on an Agilent 1290 Infinity II series UHPLC system, equipped with a Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 <i>μ</i>m) by using (A) 0.1% acetic acid and (B) methanol as mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, and the injection volume was 1 <i>μ</i>L. Mass spectrometry was operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode using an Agilent 6460 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an AJS-ESI ion source. Agilent Mass Hunter Work Station Software was employed for data acquisition and processing. All calibration curves showed excellent linear regressions (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.9992). The precision, repeatability, and stability of the ten compounds were below 4.56% in terms of relative standard deviation. The average extraction recovery ranged from 96.53% to 102.69% with a relative standard deviation of 1.14–3.78% for all samples. This study potently contributes to the quantitative evaluation of Ge-Gen-Jiao-Tai-Wan, thereby providing a scientific basis for further studies and clinical application of Ge-Gen-Jiao-Tai-Wan.
期刊：
Current Neurovascular Research,2022年19(2):137-149 ISSN：1567-2026
作者机构：
[Ren, Biqiong; Li, Sijin; Li, Huiyang; Yang, Huan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Clin Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Xing] Loudi Cent Hosp, Dept Blood Transfus, Loudi 417000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ren, Biqiong] Second Peoples Hosp Hunan Prov, Dept Lab Med, Changsha 410007, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Acute ischemic stroke;Ischemia-modified albumin;Middle cerebral artery stenosis;Ratio of IMA to albumin;Severe stenosis or occlusive;albumin-adjusted ischemia modified albumin index
摘要：
Objective: In this study, we investigated the relationship between serum ischemic modified albumin (IMA) levels and other hematologic features and middle cerebral artery (MCA) severe stenosis/occlusion in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.<&wdkj&>Methods: The levels of serum IMA and Albumin (ALB) of 169 AIS patients were measured, and the ratio of IMA to albumin (IMAR) and the albumin-adjusted ischemia-modified albumin index (IMA index) were calculated. Different combinations of other hematologic changes and clinical features of the patients were analyzed.<&wdkj&>Results: The results indicated that the levels of blood IMA and IMAR were significantly higher in the group with severe intracranial stenosis/occlusion than in the group with non-severe stenosis/ occlusion in AIS patients, while the CHE levels were significantly lower than those in the other groups. In the MCA severe stenosis/occlusion group, the levels of blood IMA and IMAR were significantly higher than that in the other vascular severe stenosis/occlusion groups, while the IMA index, ALB, and CHE were significantly lower than that in the other groups. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between IMA and albumin. A combined diagnostic ROC curve analysis showed that among AIS patients, the best combination for determining severe stenosis/occlusion of the great intracranial arteries was the admission NIHSS score + CHE (AUC = 0.783). The best combination for determining severe stenosis or occlusion of the MCA in AIS patients was IMAR combined with the admission NIHSS score and CHE (AUC = 0.827).<&wdkj&>Conclusion: The combined use of IMA, IMAR, and the IMA index has some diagnostic value in AIS caused by severe stenosis or occlusion of the MCA. IMAR, CHE, and the admission NIHSS scores are the best combinations to determine whether an AIS patient has severe stenosis or occlusion of the MCA.
